UC-NRLF 


B    3    371 


THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 


PRESENTED  BY 

PROF.  CHARLES  A.  KOFOID  AND 
MRS.  PRUDENCE  W.  KOFOID 


REVISION  OF  THE  PARASITIC  HYMENOPTEROUS 

INSECTS  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS  MAYR, 

WITH  NOTICE  OF  SOME  RELATED 

GENERA 


BY 


P.  H.  TIMBERLAKE 

Of  the  Bureau  of  Entomology,  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture 


No.  2136. — From  the  Proceedings  of  the  United  States  National  Museum, 
Vol.  SO,  pages  561-640,  with  Plates  26-31 

Published  May  31,  1916 


Washington 

Government  Printing  Office 
1916 


REVISION  OF  THE  PARASITIC  HYMENOPTEROUS 

INSECTS  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS  MAYR, 

WITH  NOTICE  OF  SOME  RELATED 

GENERA 


BY 

P.  H.  ^TIMBERLAKE 

Of  the  Bureau  of  Entomology,  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture 


No.  2136. — From  the  Proceedings  of  the  United  States  National  Museum, 
Vol.  50,  pages  561-640,  with  Plates  26-31 

Published  May  31,  1916 


Washington 

Government  Printing  Office 
1916 


REVISION  OF  THE  PARASITIC  HYMENOPTEROUS  INSECTS 
OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS  MAYR,  WITH  NOTICE  OF  SOME 
RELATED  GENERA. 


By   P.    H.    TlMBERLAKE, 

Of  the  Bureau  of  Entomology,   United  States  Department  of  Agriculture. 


The  genus  ApJiycus  was  erected  by  Gustav  Mayr  early  in  1876  in 
"Die  europaischen  Encyrtiden"  with  three  species,  of  which  Aphycus 
apicalis  (Dalman)  was  selected  by  Ashmead  in  1900  as  the  genotype. 
As  treated  in  the  present  paper,  most  of  the  species  of  the  genus 
Aphycus  are  more  similar  to  Aphycus  punctipes  (Dalman),  the  third 
species  listed  by  Mayr,  but  are  also  congeneric  with  A.  apicalis  as 
far  as  can  be  made  out  from  descriptions  and  the  limited  material 
of  the  latter  at  hand. 

Since  the  publication  of  Mayr's  paper  thirty-nine  species  have 
been  described  under  this  genus  or  later  referred  to  it.  Three  of 
these,  however,  were  removed  later  by  Howard  and  Ashmead  to  other 
genera,  A.  chrysopae  falling  in  the  genus  Isodromus  Howard,  A.  niger 
forming  the  type  of  Holcencyrtus  Ashmead,  and  A.  unicolor  being 
placed  in  PJiaenodiscus  Foerster.  It  is  apparent,  nevertheless,  even 
after  the  removal  of  these  species,  that  the  genus  in  its  present  state 
contains  several  discordant  elements.  Chief  among  these  are  three 
Ectromine  species  described  by  Howard,  namely  A.  dactylopii,  A. 
nigritus,  and  A.  towns endi,  all  of  which  fall  naturally  in  the  genus 
Anagyrus  Howard,  and  a  fourth  Ectromine,  A.  albiclavatus  Ashmead, 
which  is  more  like  Paraleptomastix  Girault  than  any  other  described 
genus  and  may  be  placed  there  at  least  provisionally.  Other  discord- 
ant elements  are  A.  angelicus  Howard,  which  forms  the  type  of  the  new 
genus  Pseudapliycus  described  below;  A.  texanus  Howard,  here  con- 
sidered to  be  congeneric  with  Acerophagus  coccois  Emily  Smith;  A. 
australiensis  Howard,  serving  as  type  of  the  new  genus  Aphycopsis; 
A.  terryi  Fullaway,  which  also  must  be  separated  under  the  new 
generic  name  Pseudococcobius;  and,  finally,  A.  pulchellus  Howard, 
which  must  be  placed  in  Girault's  recent  genus  Aenasioidea.  The 
types  of  A.  brunneus  Howard  and  A.  howardi  Cockerell  were  not 
available  for  study  or,  as  in  case  of  the  latter  species,  in  too  poor 

PROCEEDINGS  U.  S.  NATIONAL  MUSEUM,  VOL.  50— No.  2136. 
10600°— Proc.N.M.vol.50— 16 36  561 


562  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

condition  for  generic  diagnosis,  and  it  is  not  unlikely  that  the  acces- 
sion of  fresh  material  will  necessitate  the  removal  of  both  species  from 
the  genus.  Types  or  any  other  specimens  of  A.  immaculatus  Howard, 
A.  amoenus  Howard,  A.  Tiederaceus  (Westwood),  A.  punctipes  (Dai- 
man),  A.  philippiae  Martelli,  and  A.  nitens  Kourdumoff  have  also  not 
been  available  for  study,  but  there  is  no  reason  for  believing  that  any 
of  these  is  not  now  properly  placed. 

For  the  convenience  of  the  student  a  table  of  the  genera  herewith 
proposed  has  been  drawn  up,  including  those  forms  that  have  been 
or  are  most  likely  to  be  confused  with  Aphycus  but  excluding  Ana- 
gyrus  and  Paraleptomastix,  which  properly  belong  to  the  Ectromini  and 
need  not  cause  confusion  if  careful  attention  is  paid  to  tribal  charac- 
ters. The  table  also  includes  the  genus  Astymachus  Howard,  placed 
near  Apliycus  in  Ashmead's  tables,  but  excludes  Heteraffirellus 
Howard,  which  is  an  Ectromiixe  and  should  run  next  to  Anagyrus  in 
any  natural  classification.  It  may  be  pointed  out,  also,  that  Ashmead 
was  wrong  in  trying  to  separate  Astymachus  from  Apliycus  by  the 
alleged  absence  and  presence  of  the  postmarginal  vein  hi  the  respec- 
tive genera.  The  postmarginal  is  wanting  or,  more  properly  speaking, 
reduced  to  a  mere  spur  in  both  of  these  genera.  Attention  is  called 
to  the  abdominal  character  made  use  of  in  the  following  table.  Un- 
fortunately it  is  one  not  always  readily  made  out  in  dry  material, 
although  easily  seen  in  fresh  specimens  and  usually  also  in  balsam 
mounts.  As  it  plays  a  large  part  in  the  economy  of  the  insects, 
either  causing  or  having  been  brought  about  by  different  habits  of 
oviposition,  it  has  consequently  great  taxonomic  importance.  All 
of  the  genera  here  treated  have  a  nonmetallic  coloration. 

ANALYTICAL  KEY  TO   GENERA. 

1.  Mandibles  short  and  thick  with  equal  or  nearly  equal  teeth 5. 

Mandibles  comparatively  long  and  slender  with  noticeably  unequal  teeth;  ovi- 
positor inclosed  by  the  5th  ventral  sclerite 2. 

2.  Funicle  of  antennae  5-jointed 3. 

Funicle  of  antennae  6-jointed Pseudococcobius,  new  genus. 

3.  Front  and  vertex  not  punctate,  cheeks  longer 4. 

Front  and  vertex  punctate,  cheeks  as  short  as  width  of  eyes. 

Bothriocraera,  new  genus. 

4.  Two  upper  teeth  of  mandibles  nearly  equal,  lower  tooth  more  basal  and  smaller. 

Acerophagus  Smith. 

Upper  and  lower  teeth  of  mandibles-  equal,  middle  tooth  larger  and  very  sharp. 

Pseudaphycus  Clausen. 

5.  Fifth  ventral  sclerite  reaching  about  to  the  middle  of  the  venter,  ovipositor  free . .  6. 
Ovipositor  inclosed  by  the  5th  sclerite,  which  reaches  to  the  anus. 

Aenasioidea  Girault. 

6.  Postmarginal  vein  short  and  spurlike,  no  longer  or  not  so  long  as  the  marginal. . .  7 
Postmarginal  well  developed,  nearly  as  long  as  the  stigmal,  antennal  scape  rather 

short,  clavate  cylindrical  and  furrowed  at  apex Aphycopsis,  new  genus. 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS— TIMBERLAKE.  563 

7.  Body  elongate;  abdomen  much  longer  than  wide,  pointed  at  apex. 

Astymachus  Howard. 

Body  short,  robust;  abdomen  ovate,  rarely  over  one-half  longer  than  wide;  and 
rather  obtusely  rounded  at  apex ApJiycus  Mayr. 

PSEUDOCOCCOBIUS,1  new  genus. 

In  general  f acies  much  resembles  Aphycus  Mayr  but  differs  espe- 
cially in  the  dentition  of  the  mandibles  and  the  structure  of  the 
abdomen. 

Female. — Head  seen  from  in  front  about  as  wide  as  the  length  of 
the  vertical  axis,  or  a  little  wider  in  P.  terryi;  the  front  and  vertex 
moderately  convex  and  pass  over  into  the  face  by  a  rather  sharp 
angle  but  angle  not  at  all  carinate;  face  and  cheeks  short  in  genotype, 
the  antennal  scrobes  fairly  deep ;  eyes  large,  about  four-fifths  as  wide 
as  long,  or  sometimes  smaller  and  narrower,  pubescent;  ocelli  placed 
in  an  acute  to  a  right-angled  triangle  (nearly  equilateral  in  the 
genotype),  the  posterior  pair  removed  from  the  rim  of  the  occiput 
and  about  their  own  diameter  or  less  from  the  eye  margin;  vertex 
varying  considerably  in  width.  Mandibles  rather  long,  tridentate, 
with  the  middle  tooth  much  longer  and  stouter  than  the  others. 
Antennal  scape  flattened,  linear  or  nearly  so  or  cylindrical,  reaching 
a  little  beyond  the  plane  of  front  and  vertex;  pedicel  about  as  long 
as  the  first  three  or  four  funicle  joints  combined;  funicle  as  a  whole 
short,  increasing  slightly  in  diameter  distad,  all  the  joints  wider 
than  long;  club  large,  in  general  shape  oval,  sometimes  slightly 
obliquely  truncate,  about  as  long  as  the  funicle  joints  combined. 
Thoracic  structure  nearly  as  in  ApJiycus,  but  the  mesoscutum  shorter 
and  much  wider  than  long;  abdomen  rather  short,  ovate,  the  dorsum 
more  or  less  concave  after  death,  the  fifth  ventral  sclerite  2  reaching 
to  the  anus  and  inclosing  base  of  the  ovipositor;  the  latter  protruded 
and  slender.  Wings  fully  developed,  the  marginal  vein  punctiform, 
the  postmarginal  short,  hardly  longer  than  the  marginal,  stigmal 
rather  short,  forming  an  angle  of  about  60  to  70°  with  the  margin  of 
wing,  submarginal  with  the  usual  row  of  bristles  tending  to  become 
reduced  or  weak;  hind  wing  narrow,  the  costal  cell  very  narrow  but 
extending  to  the  booklets.  Sculpture,  vestiture,  and  type  of  coloration 
not  differing  from  ApJiycus. 

Male. — Closely  resembles  the  female  in  all  but  the  sexual  characters. 

Type  of  genus. — ApJiycus  terryi  Fullaway. 

The  species  belonging  to  this  genus  are  parasitic  in  mealy  bugs  of 
the  genera  Pseudococcus  and  PJienacoccus  so  far  as  known. 

1  From  Pseudococcus,  a  genus  of  Coccidae,  and  6Bios,  referring  to  the  host  relationship. 

2  The  so-called  hypopygium  of  authors  and  the  valvula  ventralis  of  Thomson  is  morphologically,  I  believe, 
a  part  of  the  seventh  abdominal  segment,  as  the  propocleum  seems  really  composed  of  the  first  two  abdomi- 
nal segments  in  the  Encyrtidae, 


564  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

ANALYTICAL  KEY  OP  SPECIES. 
FEMALES. 

1.  Front  and  vertex  narrow,  about  three  times  as  long  as  wide 2. 

Front  and  vertex  wide,  about  one-half  longer  again  than  wide;  ocelli  in  a  right- 
angled  triangle;  wings  hyaline;  antennal  scapecylindrical;  general  color  pale 
orange  yellow 1.  ehrhorni,  new  species. 

2.  Wings  slightly  dusky  with  a  deeper  stain  beneath  marginal  and  stigmal  veins; 

scape  flat,  slightly  expanded;  ocelli  nearly  in  an  equilateral  triangle;  general 

color  orange  yellow,  the  antennae  dusky  but  whitish  at  apex 2.  terryi 

(Fullaway). 

Wings  bifasciate  with  apex  and  medial  band  hyaline,  scapecylindrical;  ocelli  in 
an  acute-angled  triangle;  general  color  deep  orange  yellow,  antennae  uniformly 
yellowish 3.  bifasciatus,  new  species. 

1.  PSEUDOCOCCOBIUS  EHRHORNI,  new  species. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  one-half  longer  again  than  wide, 
margin  of  eyes  parallel;  ocelli  in  a  right-angled  triangle,  the  posterior 
pair  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin,  and  twice  their  diameter 
from  the  occipital  border;  eyes  rather  small,  about  one-third  longer 
than  wide,  with  fine,  short  and  rather  thick  pubescence;  head  as 
seen  from  in  front  as  wide  as  long;  cheeks  a  little  longer  than  greatest- 
width  of  eyes;  antennal  scrobes  narrow,  rather  pronounced  and 
uniting  above.  Antennal  scape  slender,  cylindrical;  pedicel  narrowed 
at  base,  as  long  as  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined;  funicle 
nearly  cylindrical,  increasing  but  slightly  in  width  distad,  all  joints, 
however,  a  little  wider  than  long,  the  first  four  nearly  equal  in  length, 
the  last  two  slightly  longer;  club  large,  ovate,  slightly  obliquely 
truncate  at  apex,  about  twice  as  wide  as  the  last  funicle  joint,  and  as 
long  as  all  the  funicle  joints  combined,  the  sutures  plainly  indicated. 
Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  the  oblique  hairless  streak  widened  below, 
not  interrupted,  and  nearly  connecting  with  the  hairless  streak  on 
the  posterior  border  of  the  wing;  bristles  on  the  submarginal  vein 
weak;  stigmal  vein  at  angle  of  about  70°  with  the  margin  of  wing. 
Ovipositor  protruded  about  one-half  the  length  of  the  abdomen. 
Length:  1.0  to  1.1  mm.,  exclusive  of  ovipositor. 

General  color  nearly  uniformly  pale  orange  yellow,  deeper  on  the 
no  turn  of  thorax,  a  little  paler  on  the  head  and  underparts;  the 
propodeum  pale  brown;  a  deeper  brown  spot  on  each  side  of  the  venter 
at  the  apex  of  abdomen,  and  another  pah*  of  brown  spots  surround 
the  dorsal  vibrissal  plates  1  of  the  abdomen.  Antennae  uniformly 
orange  yellow,  somewhat  duskier  than  the  body,  possibly  due  to 
discoloration;  legs  concolorous  with  the  underparts,  the  last  joint  of 
the  tarsi  blackish.  The  short,  appressed  hair  of  the  notum  dusky  in 
color  and  rather  sparse.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

1  These  plates  are  usually  called  spiracles  by  most  authors  but  as  pointed  out  by  Alice  L.  Embleton 
(Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  Lond.,  ser.  2,  Zool.,  vol.  9,  p.  247,  pi.  12,  figs.  39,  42,  and  43)  they  are  probably  tactile 
plates  and  have  no  connection  with  the  spiracles.  They  are  characteristic  of  the  Encyrtidae  and  especially 
of  the  Encyrtinae, 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.  565 


Male. — Not  known. 

Described  from,  three  females  (type  and  paratypes  a  and  b)  reared 
from  Pseudococcus  ryani  (Coquillett) ,  San  Francisco,  California  (E. 
M.  Ehrhorn),  no  date  given. 

Type.— Cut.  No.  19113,  U.S.N.M. 

2.  PSEUDOCOCCOBIUS  TERRYI  (Fullaway). 

Fig.  35. 
Aphycus  terryi  FULLAWAY,  Proc.  Hawaiian  Ent.  Soc.,  vol.  2,  1913,  p.  281. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  nearly  three  times  as  long  as  wide, 
margins  of  eyes  parallel;  ocelli  nearly  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the 
posterior  pair  slightly  closer  together  than  the  distance  from  either 
to  the  anterior  ocellus,  and  nearly  touching  the  eye  margin,  the 
anterior  ocellus  a  little  behind  the  center  of  the  front  and  vertex; 
eyes  very  large,  about  four-fifths  as  wide  as  long,  with  thick  but  fine, 
short  pubescence ;  head  as  seen  from  in  front)  a  little  wider  than  long, 
the  face  and  cheeks  short;  antennal  scrobes  moderately  deep  and 
uniting  above.  Antennal  scape .  flattened,  very  slightly  expanded 
below,  widest  across  the  apical  half;  pedicel  not  greatly  wider  at 
apex  than  at  base,  as  long  as  the  first  four  funicle  joints  combined; 
funicle  increasing  gradually  in  width  distad  BO  that  the  sixth  joint  is 
about  two  and  one-half  times  as  wide  as  the  first  joint,  all  being 
wider  than  long  and  all  but  the  first  distinctly  transverse ;  club  large, 
oval,  somewhat  obliquely  truncate  at  apex,  apparently  solid  with 
no  sutures  visible,  a  little  longer  than  all  funicle  joints  combined. 
Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  widened  and  sub- 
interrupted  below,  not  quite  attaining  the  posterior  margin  of  disk; 
bristles  on  submarginal  vein  very  weak  and  inconspicuous;  stigmal 
vein  at  an  angle  of  about  60°  with  the  anterior  margin  of  wing. 
Ovipositor  protruded  about  one-fourth  the  length  of  abdomen. 
Length:  1.0  to  1.1  mm.,  exclusive  of  ovipositor. 

Head  and  upper  parts  of  the  body  orange  yellow;  lower  part  of 
face,  cheeks  and  the  undei  parts  of  body  pale  yellowish;  occiput,  a 
transverse  band  on  pronotum,  the  thoracic  sutures,  the  metanotum, 
propodeum  and  center  of  the  dorsum  of  abdomen  more  or  less  dusky. 
Appressed  pubescence  of  no  turn  dusky.  Antennal  scape  pale 
brownish,  the  dorsal  margin  and  especially  the  lower  margin  on  the 
apical  half  narrowly  blackish;  pedicel  and  first  four  funicle  joints 
pale  brownish,  the  last  two  funicle  joints  and  club  dusky  white. 
Wings  slightly  smoky  with  a  more  distinct  smoky  blotch  beneath 
the  stigmal  vein,  the  discoloration  entirely  integumentary  and  not 
due  to  the  ciliation. 

Male. — Almost  identical  with  the  female  in  all  but  the  sexual 
characters,  but  the  wings  are  slightly  less  deeply  stained.  The  male 


566  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

described  by  Fullaway  is  not  the  male  of  this  species  and  evidently 
something  quite  different.  A  male  included  in  the  material  loaned 
for  study  which  answers  to  his  description  is  an  Ectromine. 

Redescribed  from  two  females  and  one  male  on  a  slide  labeled 
"exmealy  bug  on  sugar  cane,  Ewa,  11-29-12,"  and  one  female  in 
alcohol  without  data,  all  loaned  by  the  Hawaiian  Sugar  Planters' 
Station  through  the  kindness  of  Mr.  D.  T.  Fullaway.  The  specimens 
are  apparently  metatypes.  The  recorded  host  is  Pseudococcus 
saccharifolii  (Green). 

3.  PSEUDOCOCCOBIUS  BIFASCIATUS,  new  species. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  three  times  as  long  as  wide,  the 
margins  of  the  eyes  slightly  converging  anteriorly;  ocelli  in  an 
acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  one-half  their  diameter 
from  the  eye  margin  and  a  little  over  twice  their  diameter  from  the 
occipital  margin;  eyes  large,  about  one-third  longer  than  wide,  with 
a  fine,  short,  thick  pubescence;  head  as  seen  from  in  front  slightly 
longer  than  wide,  but  nearly  circular  in  outline,  cheeks  as  long  as 
the  greatest  width  of  the  eyes;  antennal  scrobes  rather  wide  and 
deep,  meeting  above  at  an  angle  of  about  40°.  Antennal  scape 
cylindrical,  shorter  and  stouter  than  in  P.  ehrhorm;  the  pedicel 
narrowed  at  base  and  as  long  as  the  first  four  funicle  joints  combined; 
funicle  joints  increasing  gradually  in  width,  the  last  joint  about 
twice  as  wide  as  the  first  and  twice  as  long,  the  first  three  joints  of 
nearly  equal  length  and  distinctly  transverse,  the  last  three  increas- 
ing in  length,  not  so  distinctly  transverse,  the  fifth  and  sixth  subequal 
in  length;  club  smaller  than  usually,  ovate,  obliquely  rounded  at 
apex,  about  one-half  wider  again  than  the  last  preceding  joint  and 
as  long  as  the  last  five  funicle  joints  combined,  the  sutures  plainly 
indicated.  Wings  not  uniformly  ciliated,  the  apex,  base,  and  a  cross 
band  at  end  of  stigmal  vein  with  paler,  weaker  cilia;  oblique  hairless 
streak  of  nearly  uniform  width,  subinterrupted  just  below  the  middle, 
and  nearly  connecting  with  the  hairless  streak  on  the  posterior  border 
of  wing;  bristles  on  the  submarginal  vein  strong;  stigmal  vein  at 
angle  of  about  70°  with  margin  of  the  wing.  Ovipositor  protruded 
about  one-third  the  length  of  the  abdomen.  Length,  1.1  mm., 
exclusive  of  ovipositor. 

Head,  notum,  and  pleura  of  thorax,  the  basal  and  apical  segments 
of  the  abdomen  bright  orange  yellow;  antennal  scrobes  of  face,  collar 
of  pronotum,  prepectal  plates  and  tegulae  yellowish  white,  the  latter 
with  a  brown  spot  on  its  posterior  margin;  center  of  occiput  and  con- 
cealed part  of  pronotum  dusky;  the  metanotum,  propodeum,  and  a 
broad  band  .extending  across  the  center  of  the  abdomen  brownish 
black,  the  band  on  the  abdomen  appearing  on  both  dorsum  and 
venter.  The  appressed  pubescence  of  face,  cheeks,  and  thorax 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENU8  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.  567 

white  and  conspicuous;  present  also  on  the  front  and  vertex  but 
weaker.  Antennae  pale  yellowish  brown,  the  club  still  paler  or 
yellowish.  Coxae  and  femora  of  legs  yellowish  white,  the  front 
femora  dusky  along  the  lower  margin;  anterior  and  middle  tibiae 
more  yellowish,  especially  at  apex,  the  middle  pair  dusky  on  the 
outer  surface;  posterior  tibiae  dilute  brownish  black,  fading  to  yel- 
lowish at  apex;  all  tarsi  yellowish,  with  the  last  joint  blackish. 
Wings  with  two  conspicuous  blackish  cross  bands,  one  with  its  center 
beneath  the  marginal  vein,  the  other  on  apical  half  of  disk,  separated 
by  a  whitish  band,  of  which  the  basal  margin  is  concave  and  the 
apical  margin  straight;  basal  third  of  wing  and  extreme  apex  also 
whitish;  the  blackish  bands  due  in  part  to  integumentary  pigment 
and  in  part  to  the  ciliation.  Exserted  part  of  the  ovipositor  yellow, 
but  becoming  blackish  at  the  apex. 

Male. — Similar  to  the  female,  but  differs  in  the  following  par- 
ticulars: Front  and  vertex  broader  than  in  the  female,  hardly  over 
twice  longer  than  wide;  the  ocelli  in  a  less  acute-angled  triangle. 
Antennal  scape  slightly  flattened,  and  a  little  shorter  than  in  the 
female,  the  funicle  and  club  slenderer.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated. 
Length,  0.9  to  1.0  mm. 

Vertex  more  or  less  blackish  around  ocelli;  the  center  of  the 
occiput,  concealed  part  of  the  pronotum,  the  mesoscutum  except  the 
sides,  the  metanotum,  propodeum,  metapleura,  and  abdomen  brown- 
ish black;  the  vertex  otherwise,  sides  of  the  mesoscutum,  axillae,  and 
scutellum  orange  yellow,  the  latter  somewhat  dusky  in  the  center; 
the  mesopleura  dusky  orange  yellow;  the  front,  face,  cheeks,  and 
propleura  yellow  to  yellowish  white;  collar  of  pronotum,  tegulae, 
and  prepectal  plates  as  in  the  female.  Antennae  pale  brownish,  but 
the  scape,  pedicel,  and  club  somewhat  paler;  legs  colored  as  in  the 
female;  wings  hyaline. 

Described  from  a  female  and  male  (type  and  allotype)  reared  July 
3,  1914,  from  a  nearly  full-grown  female  of  a  Phenacoccus  sp.  on 
apple  tree,  Lancaster,  New  Hampshire  (Miss  G.  G.  Timberlake); 
and  one  male  (paratype)  reared  April  19  from  small  overwintering 
female  of  the  same  species  collected  by  the  writer  on  March  31  on 
the  bark  of  apple  tree  at  the  same  locality. 

Type.—C&t.  No.  19114,  U.S.N.M. 

BOTHRIOCRAERA,1  new  genus. 

Very  similar  to  PseudapTiycus  described  below,  but  differs  in  short- 
ness of  face  and  cheeks  and  in  the  punctation  of  the  front  and  vertex. 

Female. — Head  somewhat  hemispherical  in  shape,  but  the  width 
greater  than  the  vertical  axis;  the  dorsal  aspect  gently  rounded, 
sloping  forward  and  downward,  and  passing  into  the  face  abruptly 

1  From  i<5  goOp'iov,  small  pit,  and  i>  Kpaepa,  head. 


568  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

by  a  rounded  angulation;  face  and  cheeks  short,  the  length  of  the 
former  about  equal  to  the  greatest  transverse  diameter  of  the  eyes; 
antennal  scrobes  prominent,  extending  the  length  of  the  face  and 
uniting  above  so  as  to  form  a  half  ellipse;  eyes  large,  nearly  perfectly 
oval;  occiput  rather  flat,  or  but  slightly  concave,  the  neck  inserted 
considerably  above  the  center;  ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  with 
the  posterior  pair  about  twice  their  own  diameter  from  the  occipital 
rim-.  Mandibles  tridentate  with  the  middle  tooth  the  largest  as  in 
Pseudaphycus.  Antennae  inserted  far  apart  and  close  to  the  border 
of  the  mouth,  10-jointed;  the  scape  flattened  but  narrow,  extending 
considerably  above  the  plane  of  the  vertex;  pedicel  as  long  as  the 
entire  funicle;  the  latter  5-jointed,  its  joints  short,  and  increasing 
in  width  distad;  club  large,  oval,  rather  acutely  rounded  at  apex,  as 
long  as  the  pedicel  and  funicle  combined.  Body  rather  robust,  the 
mesoscutum  twice  as  wide  as  long,  the  axillae  meeting,  the  scutellum 
large  and  acute  at  apex;  abdomen  ovate,  about  one-half  longer  than 
wide,  the  dorsum  becoming  slightly  concave  after  death,  the  fifth 
ventral  sclerite  reaching  to  apex  of  abdomen  and  enclosing  base  of 
the  ovipositor,  the  latter  slender  and  protruded  considerably.  Legs 
rather  short  and  stout,  the  femora  flattened.-  Wings  fully  developed 
but  very  narrow;  the  marginal  vein  punctiform,  the  postmarginal 
nearly  one-half  the  length  of  the  stigmal,  the  latter  moderately  long, 
knobbed  at  apex  and  with  two  short,  nearly  parallel  prongs,  the  sub- 
marginal  with  well-developed  bristles.  Hind  wings  narrow,  the 
costal  cell  extremely  narrow,  but  as  wide  near  the  booklets  as  at 
base  of  the  wing.  Head  and  thorax  smooth  and  shining,  the  front 
and  vertex  with  several  rows  of  minute  punctures,  the  notum  of 
thorax  with  scattered  punctures  of  the  same  sort ;  the  pubescence  of 
head  and  thorax  very  fine  and  dark-colored.  General  coloration 
black,  but  not  metallic. 

Male. — Essentially  like  the  female  in  all  but  the  sexual  characters. 

Type  of  genus. — Bothriocraeraflawpes,  new  species. 

BOTHRIOCRAERA  FLAVIPES,  new  species. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  a  little  over  twice  as  long  as  the  width 
at  the  anterior  ocellus;  dorsal  orbits  of  eyes  slightly  diverging  ante- 
riorly and  to  a  less  degree  posteriorly;  the  ocelli  in  an  equilateral 
triangle,  with  the  posterior  pair  about  their  own  diameter  from  the 
eye  margin;  eyes  large,  oval,  with  a  very  fine,  short  pubescence. 
Antennal  scape  flattened  and  linear;  pedicel  narrowed  at  base,  as  long 
as  all  five  funicle  joints  comb  hied;  the  latter  all  of  equal  length,  the 
first  rounded,  as  long  as  wide,  the  following  increasingly  transverse, 
the  fifth  about  twice  as  wide  as  long ;  club  oval,  somewhat  pointed  at 
apex,  about  as  long  as  the  pedicel  and  four  of  the  funicle  joints  com- 
bined, not  quite  twice  as  wide  in  greatest  breadth  as  the  last  preceding 


NO.  2136:    REVISION.  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.  569 

joint.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated,  the  oblique  hairless  streak  narrow 
and  nearly  reaching  the  posterior  border  of  the  wing;  stigmal  vein 
forming  an  angle  of  about  45°  with  the  postmarginal.  Ovipositor 
protruded  about  one-half  the  length  of  the  abdomen.  Length,  0.85 
mm.,  exclusive  of  ovipositor. 

Head  and  thorax  shining  black  but  not  metallic;  the  metanotum 
and  propodeum  browner;  dorsum  of  abdomen  pale  brown,  the  venter 
dusky  yellowish.  Antennal  scape  and  funicle  brown,  the  pedicel  paler 
brown,  the  club  yellowish  white.  Legs  uniformly  pale  straw  yellow, 
the  last  joint  of  the  tarsi  brownish.  Exserted  part  of  the  ovipositor 
brownish  yellow,  becoming  blackish  at  apex.  Wings  hyaline,  the 
veins  pale  brownish. 

Male. — Very  similar  to  the  female,  but  the  front  and  vertex  a  little 
wider,  not  quite  twice  as  long  as  wide;  the  ocelli  with  posterior  pair 
slightly  farther  apart  than  the  distance  from  either  to  the  anterior 
ocellus.  Other  structural  characters  apparently  identical,  as  nearly 
as  can  be  made  out  in  a  single  poor  specimen.  Coloration  the  same, 
except  the  abdomen  is  blackish  brown,  a  little  paler  on  the  venter. 
Length,  0.65  mm. 

Described  from  a  female  and  male  (type  and  allotype)  reared  from 
a  Dactylopiine  coccid  on  Elymus,  August  16-21,  1912,  Kimballs, 
Utah  (C.  N.  Ainslie),  Webster  No.  8823. 

Type.— Cat.  No.  19115,  U.S.N.M. 

Genus  PSEUDAPHYCUS  Clausen. 
Pseudaphycus  CLAUSEN,  Bull.  258,  Cal.  Agric.  Exp.  Stat.,  1915,  p.  41. 

Comes  closest  to  BotJiriocraera,  but  differences  in  the  shape  of  the 
head  and  the  sculpture  will  serve  to  separate  the  species  so  far  known. 

Female. — Head  as  seen  from  the  side  more  distinctly  triangular  in 
outline  than  in  BotJiriocraera;  the  dorsal  aspect  considerably  less 
rounded,  the  plane  of  the  front  meeting  the  plane  of  the  face  at  a 
right  angle  or  but  little  more  (considerably  more  in  BotJiriocraera) , 
the  angulation  between  the  two  rounded;  width  of  head  about  equal 
to  vertical  length;  face  and  cheeks  usually  long,  but  sometimes  short- 
ened; antennal  scrobes  usually  pronounced,  and  meeting  above  as  in 
BotJiriocraera;  eyes  large,  imperfectly  oval,  being  wider  anteriorly; 
occiput  moderately  to  slightly  concave,  the  neck  inserted  a  little 
above  the  center ;  vertex  rather  narrow,  the  ocelli  in  an  equilateral  or 
acute-angled  triangle,  and  the  posterior  pair  at  least  twice  their  own 
diameter  from  the  occipital  rim.  Mandibles  rather  long  and  slender, 
tridentate,  the  middle  tooth  longest,  the  other  two  nearly  opposite 
each  other  and  subequal.  Antennae  of  the  same  type  as  in  BotJirio- 
craera. Structure  of  the  thorax  and  abdomen  the  same,  but  the  latter 
more  elongate  ovate;  ovipositor  more  or  less  protruded.  Legs  some- 
what longer.  Wings  fully  developed  but  narrow;  the  submarginal 


570  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

vein  without  strongly  developed  bristles;  marginal  punctiform  or  but 
very  little  longer  than  thick;  postmarginal  poorly  developed,  usually 
but  slightly  longer  than  the  marginal;  stigmal  moderate  in  length, 
either  clavate  in  shape  or  suddenly  enlarged  near  apex;  hind  wings 
narrow,  the  costal  cell  very  narrow  but  extending  to  the  booklets . 
Sculpture  of  head  and  thorax  alutaceous,  punctures  if  present  wholly 
microscopic;  vestiture  of  rather  coarse,  appressed,  whitish  hairs  as  in 
Aphycus  Mayr.  Coloration  nonmetallic,  shades  of  yellow  predom- 
inating. 

Male. — Closely  resembling  the  female  in  all  but  the  sexual  char- 
acters. 

Type  of  genus. — Aphycus  angelicus  Howard. 

ANALYTICAL   KEY   OF   SPECIES. 
FEMALES. 

1.  Wings  more  or  less  infuscated,  face  longer  than  width  of  eyes 2. 

Wings  hyaline,  face  and  cheeks  shortened.     Coloration  pale  yellow. 

1.  graminicola,  new  species. 

2.  Ovipositor  protruded  about  one-fifth  length  of  abdomen 3. 

Ovipositor  barely  protruded,  fifth  funicle  joint  and  club  white. 

2.  prosopidis,  new  species. 

3.  Dorsal  orbits  of  eyes  parallel,  front  ocellus  at  center  of  front  and  vertex. 

3.  websteri,  new  species. 

Dorsal  orbits  of  eyes  diverging  anteriorly,  front  ocellus  behind  center  of  front  and 
vertex 4.  angelicus  (Howard). 

1.  PSEUDAPHYCUS  GRAMINICOLA,  new  species. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  twice  as  long  as  wide;  dorsal 
orbits  of  eyes  parallel;  ocelli  nearly  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the 
posterior  pair  about  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin,  and 
twice  as  far  from  the  occipital  rim;  face  and  cheeks  unusually  short, 
face  being  no  longer  than  the  greatest  width  of  eyes ;  the  latter  rather 
large  and  covered  with  an  extremely  fine,  short  pubescence.  Anten- 
nal  scape  narrow,  linear;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  four  funicle 
joints  combined,  narrowed  at  base;  funicle  joints  subequal  in  length, 
all  wider  than  long  and  increasingly  transverse,  the  fifth  not  quite 
twice  as  wide  as  the  first;  club  elongate  ovate,  a  little  obliquely 
rounded  at  apex,  hardly  wider  than  the  last  funicle  joint  and  as  long 
as  the  funicle  and  one-half  the  pedicel  combined.  Wings  uniformly 
ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  interrupted  at  the  middle,  its  lower 
part  rather  widely  separated  from  the  lower  margin  of  wing;  the 
postmarginal  vein  about  one-fourth  as  long  as  the  stigmal,  the  two 
veins  forming  an  angle  of  about  45°.  Ovipositor  protruded  one- 
fourth  the  length  of  the  abdomen.  Length,  0.8  to  1.1  mm.,  exclusive 
of  ovipositor. 

Front,  vertex  and  no  turn  of  thorax  chrome  lemon  yellow,  slightly 
dusky;  face,  cheeks,  occiput,  and  underparts  of  body  including 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.  571 

venter  of  abdomen  paler  yellow;  metanotum,  propodeum,  and 
dorsum  of"  abdomen  except  the  lateral  and  posterior  yellowish 
margins  blackish  brown;  sutures  of  mesonotum  narrowly  lined 
with  blaok,  especially  the  suture  between  pronotum  and  mesos- 
cutum;  collar  of  pronotum  otherwise  whitish  or  sometimes  entirely 
so;  tegulae  pale  yellowish,  slightly  brownish  on  posterior  margin. 
Antennal  scape,  pedicel,  and  first  one  or  two  joints  of  the  funicle 
dusky  yellowish,  with  the  margins  of  the  scape  narrowly  blackish; 
remainder  of  the  funicle  and  the  extreme  base  of  club  black,  club 
otherwise  yellowish  white.  Legs  concolorous  with  the  underparts, 
the  outer  surface  of  the  femora  and  tibiae  slightly  dusky,  the  last 
joint  of  the  tarsi  blackish.  Exserted  part  of  ovipositor  yellowish, 
changing  to  blackish  at  apex.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale 
brownish. 

Male. — Similar  to  the  female,  but  the  antennae  slightly  slenderer, 
and  the  dorsum  of  the  abdomen  more  blackish  with  the  pale  margins 
orange  yellow.  Length:  0.6  to  0.9  mm. 

Described  from  ten  females  and  five  males  (type,  allotype  and 
paratypes  a  to  m)  reared  from  a  Dactylopiine  coccid  on  Stipa,  Las 
Vegas,  New  Mexico,  Jan.  16  to  March  20,  1912  (C.  N.  AinsUe), 
Webster  No.  6690;  and  three  females,  two  males  (paratypes  n  to  r) 
reared  from  a  Dactylopiine  coccid  on  Elymus  condensatus,  Kimb alls', 
Utah,  Aug.  13-24, 1912  (C.  N.  Ainslie),  Webster  No.  8823.  Paratypes 
e,  /,  o,  and  p  more  or  less  broken,  the  rest  of  the  specimens  in  good 
condition,  four  of  them  being  mounted  on  slides. 

Type.— Cab.  No.  19116,  U.S.N.M. 

2.  PSEUDAPHYCUS  PROSOPIDIS,  new  species. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  twice  as  long  as  wide;  dorsal 
orbits  of  eyes  parallel;  ocelli  in  an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior 
pair  nearly  touching  the  eye  margin;  no  pubescence  on  the  eyes. 
Antennal  scape  linear,  slightly  narrower  at  base;  pedicel  as  long  as 
the  first  four  funicle  joints  combined,  wider  at  apex  than  in  P. 
angelicus;  funicle  joints  one  to  three  shorter  than  the  last  two,  but 
all  wider  than  long,  the  last  two  about  twice  as  wide  as  the  first; 
club  oval,  obliquely  rounded  at  apex,  as  long  as  the  funicle  and  a 
little  wider  than  the  preceding  joint.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated; 
oblique  hairless  streak  interrupted  near  its  lower  end;  no  bristle- 
like  hairs  on  any  of  the  veins.  Ovipositor  barely  protruded.  Length : 
0.8  mm. 

Front,  vertex  and  mesonotum  dull  orange  yellow,  the  apex  or 
the  scutellum  dusky;  face,  cheeks,  and  underparts  yellowish  white; 
concealed  part  of  occiput  and  of  the  pronotum  blackish;  the  meta- 
notum, propodeum,  and  dorsum  of  the  abdomen  brownish  black; 
tegulae  and  collar  of  pronotum  whitish,  former  with  lower  posterior 


572  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

corner  brown,  latter  with  a  brown  dot  on  each  corner.  Antennal 
scape,  pedicel,  and  first  four  funicle  joints  brown,  the  base  of  the 
scape  shading  into  whitish;  fifth  funicle  joint  and  club  white.  Legs 
yellowish  white,  the  tarsi  more  yellowish  with  apex  of  last  joint 
blackish.  Wings  faintly  clouded  with  brown,  but  lacking  the 
hyaline  cross  band  of  P.  angelicus,  the  whole  apex  of  whig  beyond 
tip  of  stigmal  vein  more  faintly  clouded,  the  clouded  area  extending 
proximad  to  just  beyond  the  hairless  streak,  and  an  additional 
small  spot  of  pale  brown  at  base  of  wings  along  the  posterior  border ; 
veins  pale  brownish. 

Male. — Not  known. 

Described  from  eight  females  (type  and  para  types)  reared  from 
Pseudococcus  prosopidis  (Cockerel!),  Aug.  4,  1898,  Mesilla,  New 
Mexico  (T.  D.  A.  CockereU),  Insectary  No.  81820.1 

Type.— Cat.  No.  19117,  U.S.N.M. 

3.  PSETJDAPHYCTJS  WEBSTERI,  new  species. 

Female. — Very  close  to  P.  angelicus  but  differs  as  follows:  Dorsal 
orbits  of  eyes  parallel  and  not  diverging  anteriorly;  the  anterior 
ocellus  exactly  at  the  center  of  the  front  and  vertex.  A  bristle-like 
hair  at  base  of  marginal  vein  and  another  near  apex  of  the  postmar- 
ginal;  oblique  hairless  streak  not  interrupted. 

Orange  yellow  of  front,  vertex,  and  mesonotum  brighter;  the 
anterior  margin  of  mesoscutum  black,  and  the  axillary  sutures  lined 
with  black;  face,  cheeks,  and  underparts  pure  white,  the  venter  of 
abdomen  at  the  middle  slightly  brownish,  the  brown  band  on  cheeks 
more  distinct  than  hi  P.  angelicus,  and  follows  around  to  the  anterior 
orbits  of  eyes.  Antennae  the  same  except  that  the  fifth  funicle  joint 
is  brownish  instead  of  black.  Legs  white,  the  anterior  femora  dusky 
along  their  upper  margin  near  apex,  hind  femora  with  nearly  the 
whole  lower  surface  slightly  dusky;  front  and  middle  tibiae  with  one, 
the  hind  tibiae  with  two  wide,  but  faint  dusky  annuli,  and  an  addi- 
tional, very  narrow  annulus  at  the  apex  of  the  tibiae,  especially  of 
the  middle  pair;  tarsi  yellowish  and  not  much  infuscated  on  the  last 
joint.  Wings  clouded  as  in  P.  angelicus,  the  veins  darker. 

Length:  1.2  mm.,  exclusive  of  ovipositor.  The  maximum  size  of 
P.  angelicus  does  not  exceed  1  mm.,  apparently. 

Described  from  one  female  (type)  reared  from  the  stems  of  Elymus 
virginicus,  in  Feb.,  1903,  Villa  Eidge,  Illinois  (F.  M.  Webster),  Web- 
ster No.  1924b.  Undoubtedly  from  a  Dactylopiine  coccid  on  the 
Elymus. 

Type.—€&t.  No.  19118,  U.S.N.M. 

1  Numbers  on  labels  of  specimens  refer  to  notes  on  file  at  the  Bureau  of  Entomology  unless  otherwise 
stated. 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.  573 

4.  PSEUDAPHYCUS  ANGELICUS  (Howard). 

Figs.  34,  51. 
Aphycus  angelicus  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  pp.  241,  245. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  nearly  three  times  as  long  as  wide, 
slightly  wider  anteriorly,  the  dorsal  orbits  of  eyes  diverging;  ocelli 
in  an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  lateral  pair  about  half  their  own 
diameter  from  eye  margin,  the  front  ocellus  a  little  behind  the  center 
of  the  front  and  vertex;  the  eyes  nearly  glabrous.  Antennal  scape 
flattened  and  gradually  becoming  wider  on  apical  half;  pedicel  but 
little  longer  than  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined;  all  funicle 
joints  distinctly  wider  than  long  and  subequal  in  length,  the  fifth 
twice  as  wide  as  the  first;  club  oval,  obliquely  rounded  at  apex, 
slightly  wider  at  apex  than  the  last  funicle  joint  and  as  long  as  the 
entire  funicle.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  the  oblique  hairless  streak 
not  quite  reaching  the  posterior  margin  of  wing,  and  interrupted  a 
little  below  the  middle;  none  of  the  veins  with  bristle-like  hairs. 
Ovipositor  protruded  about  one-fifth  the  length  of  abdomen.  Length : 
0.7  to  1  mm.,  exclusive  of  ovipositor. 

Front,  vertex,  and  mesonotum  rather  dull  orange  yellow,  the 
mesonotum  usually  somewhat  dusky,  with  the  anterior  margin  of 
the  scutum  sometimes  blackish,  but  the  axillary  sutures  usually  not 
lined  with  black;  face,  cheeks,  and  underparts  pale  yellowish  white, 
the  venter  of  abdomen  slightly  dusky,  the  cheeks  with  a  pale  fuscous, 
narrow,  transverse  band  following  the  lower  orbits  of  eyes;  the  con- 
cealed part  o'f  occiput  and  of  pronotum,  the  metanotum,  propodeum, 
and  dorsum  of  the  abdomen  black;  collar  of  pronotum  and  tegulae 
whitish,  former  with  a  brown  dot  on  each  corner,  latter  with  the 
lower  apical  corner  brown.  Antennae  excepting  the  club  black,  the 
base  of  scape  especially  on  inner  surface  whitish,  the  club  snow  white; 
rarely  the  fifth  funicle  joint  is  also  white.  Legs  concolorous  with 
underparts,  the  tarsi  more  yellowish,  with  tip  of  the  last  joint  black- 
ish; middle  tibiae  with  a  very  faint,  dusky  annulus  near  the  middle. 
Wings  with  a  faint  brownish,  integumentary,  transverse  cloud  beyond 
the  oblique  hairless  streak,  interrupted  by  a  narrow,  transverse,  hya- 
line band  at  end  of  stigmal  vein,  and  by  a  still  narrower,  longitu- 
dinal streak  following  posterior  margin  of  wing  opposite  the  marginal 
vein;  veins  pale  brownish.  Exserted  part  of  ovipositor  yellow,  the 
apex  dusky. 

Male. — Similar  to  the  female,  but  the  front  and  vertex  hardly  over 
twice  as  long  as  wide;  the  dorsal  orbits  of  eyes  parallel;  face  and 
cheeks  shorter;  antennae  slenderer,  the  pedicel  and  club  proportion- 
ately longer,  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  four  funicle  joints,  the  club 
as  long  as  the  funicle  and  one-half  the  pedicel, 


574  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

Coloration  the  same,  except  that  the  sides  of  the  abdomen  behind 
the  vibrissal  plates  are  yellowish,  and  the  antennal  scape  blackish, 
paler  at  base,  pedicel  paler  blown,  first  two  funicle  joints  and  most  of 
club  white,  rest  of  funicle  and  extreme  base  of  club  black.  Wings 
nearly  hyaline.  Length:  0.65  to  0.8  mm. 

Material  as  follows  has  been  examined:  Three  females,  (cotypes) 
reared  from  Pseudococcus  sp.  on  passion-flower  in  summer  of  1886 
(A.  Koebele),  three  females  reared  from  Pseudococcus  sp.,  Nov.  9, 
1907,  Los  Angeles,  California  (E.  M.  Ehrhorn),  two  females,  two  males 
reared  from  Pseudococcus  ryani  (Coquillett),  Pasadena,  California, 
the  females  July  28-30,  1911,  the  males  some  time  later  (P.  H.  Tim- 
berlake),  one  male  reared  from  Pseudococcus  sp.  on  Artemisia  cali- 
fornica,  Nov.  22,  1912,  Whittier,  California  (P.  H.  Timberlake),  one 
female  reared  from  Pseudococcus  citropJiilus  Clausen,  Sept.  1,  1914, 
Uplands,  California  (C.  P.  Clausen) ,  and  a  series  of  both  sexes  reared 
from  Pseudococcus  longispinus  (Targioni  Tozzetti)  during  the  latter 
part  of  Sept.,  1914,  Pasadena,  California  (R.  S.  Woglum). 

Type.—Csit.  No.  5044,  U.S.N.M. 

Genus  ACEROPHAGUS  Emily  A.  Smith. 

Acerophagus  SMITH,  North  Amer.  Entom.,  vol.  1,  1880,  p.  83. 
Rhopoideus  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  p.  235. 

Comes  nearest  to  Pseudaphycus,  but  the  shorter,  more  robust  body, 
the  broader  head,  as  well  as  differences  in  the  dentition  of  the  mandi- 
bles will  separate  the  known  species. 

Female. — Head  as  seen  from  the  side  imperfectly  triangular,  moder- 
ately thick  antereo-posteriorly,  dorsal  aspect  gently  rounded,  passing 
into  face  by  a  rounded  angulation;  face  and  cheeks  moderate  in  length, 
the  former  a  little  longer  than  the  transverse  diameter  of  eyes,  as  seen 
from  in  front  the  head,  therefore  about  as  wide  as  long,  nearly  circu- 
lar in  outline;  antennal  scrobes  moderately  deep,  extending  nearly 
the  length  of  face  and  uniting  above;  eyes  rather  small,  oval  or  a  little 
wider  anteriorly,  frequently  pubescent,  the  long  axis  obliquely  ver- 
tical; occiput  rather  deeply  concave,  the  neck  inserted  near  the 
middle;  front  and  vertex  usually  broad,  the  ocelli  more  frequently 
arranged  in  a  right  or  obtuse-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about 
twice  their  own  diameter  from  the  occipital  rim.  Mandibles  rather 
long  and  slender,  tridentate,  the  two  upper  teeth  subequal,  the  lower 
tooth  smaller  and  more  basal.  Antennae  inserted  near  the  mouth, 
their  bases  far  apart,  scape  moderate  in  length,  slender  and  flattened, 
reaching  but  little  beyond  the  plane  of  front  and  vertex;  pedicel 
about  as  long  as  the  first  three  funicle  joints;  funicle  5-jointed,  all  the 
joints  short,  increasingly  transverse;  club  oval,  about  as  long  as  the 
funicle.  Thorax  short  and  robust,  the  mesoscutum  twice  as  wide  as 
long,  the  axillae  meeting,  scutellum  nearly  as  wide  as  long,  its  apex 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENU8  APHTCUS—TIMBERLAKE.  575 

slightly  rounded.  Abdomen  short,  subrotund  and  flat  in  life,  but 
after  death  the  dorsum  becomes  more  or  less  concave,  and  the  sides 
compressed;  the  fifth  ventral  sclerite  reaches  to  the  apex  of  abdomen 
and  incloses  the  ovipositor;  the  latter  usually  shortly  protruded. 
Legs  moderate  in  length,  rather  slender,  but  the  hind  femora  may 
be  slightly  or  moderately  flattened.  Wings  moderate  or  small  in 
size ;  the  marginal  vein  punctif orm,  the  postmarginal  but  little  longer ; 
stigmal  moderately  developed,  running  nearly  parallel  with  the  ante- 
rior margin  of  the  wing,  and  enlarged  at  apex.  Hind  wings  narrow, 
the  costal  cell  very  narrow  throughout  its  length  but  reaching  to  the 
booklets.  Sculpture  of  head  and  thorax  alutaceous,  punctures  if 
present  microscopic,  pubescence  very  fine  and  inconspicuous  but 
sometimes  abundant.  Coloration  entirely  yellow  of  different  shades, 
the  antennae  and  legs  concolorous. 

Male. — Similar  to  the  female  in  all  characters. 

Type  of  genus. — Acerophagus  coccois  Smith. 

The  species  here  included  in  Acerophagus  are  all  parasitic  in  Dac- 
tylopiine  hosts,  so  far  as  definitely  known,  belonging  to  the  genera 
Pseudococcus,  PJienacoccus,  and  Erium. 

Metallon  Walker  differs  in  being  metallic  and  in  having  rudimen- 
tary wings;  Rhopus  Foerster  has  the  body  much  flattened  and  the 
antennae  dissimilar  in  the  male  sex;  Psylledontus  Crawford  is  sepa- 
rated by  metallic  coloration,  the  much  smaller  antennal  club  and  by 
the  noncompression  of  the  abdomen  after  death.  In  these  three  gen- 
era the  structure  of  the  fifth  ventral  sclerite  is  not  described,  but  prob- 
ably in  all  three  it  reaches  only  to  the  middle  of  the  venter  and  leaves 
the  ovipositor  free.  Rhopoideus  Howard  can  not  be  distinguished 
from  what  is  here  considered  to  be  AceropJiagus  Smith.  Howard  was 
misled  in  stating  that  the  mandibles  of  Rhopoideus  citrinus  are  eden- 
tate, as  there  are  three  teeth  as  described  for  the  other  species  here 
considered.  Rhopoideus  has  no  affinity  with  ArrhenopJiagus  Aurivil- 
lius,  with  which  it  was  placed  by  Ashmead. 

ANALYTICAL   KEY   OF   SPECIES. 

1.  Ocelli  in  a  right  or  obtuse-angled  triangle,  ovipositor  protruded 2. 

Ocelli  in  a  rather  acute-angled  triangle,  ovipositor  not  protruded.l.  coccois  Smith. 

2.  Front  and  vertex  as  wide  as  long  or  nearly  so 3. 

Front  and  vertex  about  one-half  longer  again  than  wide. 

Anterior  ocellus  in  center  of  front  and  vertex,  ocellar  angle  slightly  less  than  90°. 

2.  texanus  (Howard). 

Anterior  ocellus  considerably  behind  the  center  of  front  and  vertex,  ocellar  angle 
fully  90° 3.  gutierreziae,  new  species. 

3.  Front  and  vertex  fully  as  long  as  wide 4.  erii,  new  species. 

Front  and  vertex  wider  than  long,  wings  small,  extending  but  shortly  beyond  apex 

of  abdomen 5.   citrinus  (Howard). 


576  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

1.  ACEROPHAGUS  COCCOIS  Smith. 

Acerophagus  coccois  SMITH,  North  Amer.  Entom.,  vol.  1,  1880,  p.  84,  figs.  20-23. 
Rhopus  coccois  HOWARD,  Kept.  Comm.  Agric.  for  1880,  1881,  p.  361,  pi.  24,  fig.  2. 
Metallon  coccois  ASHMEAD,  Proc.  IT.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  22,  1900,  p.  407. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in 
rather  an  acute-angled  triangle.  Antennal  scape  short  and  flattened; 
pedicel  nearly  as  long  as  the  funicle  joints  combined;  the  latter  all 
short,  wider  than  long,  subequal  in  length,  and  increasing  in  width, 
the  fifth  nearly  twice  as  wide  as  the  first;  club  large,  oval,  rather 
pointed  at  apex,  and  as  long  as  funicle  and  pedicel  combined.  Wings 
uniformly  ciliated,  the  oblique  hairless  streak  narrowed  above  and 
separated  below  from  the  posterior  border  of  the  wing  by  only  one 
row  of  cilia.  Ovipositor  not  protruded.  Length,  0.6  mm. 

Notum  of  thorax  and  abdomen  orange  yellow,  head  chrome  lemon 
yellow,  under  side  of  thorax,  the  antennae,  and  legs  pale  yellowish. 
Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  nearly  colorless. 

Redescribed  from  one  female  reared  from  PJienacoccus  acericola 
King,  July  20,  1898,  Springfield,  Massachusetts  (R.  A.  Cooley),  appar- 
ently correctly  identified.  The  head  and  antennae  are  much  shriv- 
eled so  that  the  above  description  may  not  be  fully  accurate  in  all 
details.  The  location  of  Miss  Emily  Smith's  types  is  not  known,  if 
indeed  they  are  still  in  existence. 

2.  ACEROPHAGUS  TEXANUS  (Howard). 
Fig.  52. 

Aphycus  texanus  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  pp.  241,  245. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  three-fourths  longer  again  than 
wide,  narrowest  near  the  middle;  ocelli  in  a  little  less  than  a  right- 
angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  not  quite  their  own  diameter  from 
the  eye  margin  and  nearly  twice  their  diameter  from  the  occipital 
rim,  the  front  ocellus  at  the  center  of  the  front  and  vertex;  face  as 
long  as  the  length  of  the  eyes,  the  scrobes  deep  and  prominent,  gradu- 
ally converging  and  uniting  above;  eyes  about  one-fourth  longer  than 
wide,  covered  with  a  thick  but  very  short,  fine  pubescence.  Antennal 
scape  slender,  slightly  thicker  at  the  middle,  hardly  extending  beyond 
the  plane  of  front;  pedicel  a  little  longer  than  the  first  three  funicle 
joints  combined;  funicle  joints  subequal  in  length,  the  first  as  long  as 
wide,  the  following  increasingly  transverse,  the  fifth  being  twice  as 
wide  as  the  first;  club  thicker  near  base,  gradually  tapering  to  a 
slightly  rounded  apex,  one-third  wider  again  than  the  last  funicle 
joint,  and  as  long  as  the  funicle  and  one-half  the  pedicel  combined. 
Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  widened  below  and 
narrowly  separated  from  the  posterior  margin  of  wing.  Ovipositor 
protruded  about  one-fourth  the  length  of  the  abdomen,  exserted  por- 
tion covered  with  long  pubescence.  The  pubescence  of  head  and 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS— TIMBERLAKE.  577 

thorax  abundant  but  inconspicuous  on  account  of  its  pale  color. 
Length,  0.8  mm.,  exclusive  of  ovipositor. 

Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  uniformly  deep  orange  yellow,  with  a 
slight  brownish  tinge,  antennae  and  legs  concolorous  but  slightly 
paler.  Wings  nearly  hyaline,  but  a  faint,  integumentary  yellowish 
cloud  present  on  the  basal  half  to  the  tip  of  the  stigmal  vein;  the 
veins  pals  brownish.  Exserted  part  of  ovipositor  blackish  at  apex. 

Male. — Similar  to  the  female,  but  the  front  and  vertex  a  little  wider, 
not  over  one-half  longer  than  wide;  the  front,  face,  cheeks,  and  under- 
side of  body  paler  yellow;  the  wings  perfectly  hyaline.  Length: 
0.7  mm. 

Redescribed  from  eight  females  (co types),  one  male  reared  from 
Pseudococcus  virgatus  (Cockerell),  July  3,  1895,  Brownsville,  Texas 
(C.  H.  T.  Townsend),  Insectary  No.  563603,  the  male  not  forming  a 
part  of  the  type  series. 

Type.— Cat.  No.  5046,  U.S.N.M. 

3.  ACEROPHAGUS  GUTIERREZIAE,  new  species. 

* 

Aphycus  texanus  COCKERELL  and  PARROTT  (not  Howard),  Industrialist,  May, 
1899,  p.  278. 

Female. — Similar  to  A.  texanus  (Howard)  in  all  respects  but  the 
following:  Front  and  vertex  a  little  wider,  about  one-half  longer  than 
wide,  more  coarsely  alutaceous;  the  ocelli  fully  their  own  diameter 
from  the  eye  margin,  the  anterior  ocellus  considerably  posterior  to 
the  center  of  the  front  and  vertex,  the  ocellar  angle  fully  90°.  Anten- 
nal  scape  slenderer,  the  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  four  funicle  joints. 
Wings  with  the  oblique  hairless  streak  more  narrowly  separated  from 
the  posterior  margin  of  wing.  Ovipositor  protruded  slightly  more  or 
nearly  one- third  the  length  of  abdomen.  Length:  0.7  mm. 

Coloration  entirely  paler  than  in  A.  texanus,  the  notura  of  thorax 
pale  orange  yellow,  the  head,  underparts,  and  appendages  still  paler 
yellow.  Wings  nearly  hyaline,  showing  but  a  slight  trace  of  a  yellow- 
ish cloud  on  basal  half. 

Male. — One  poorly  preserved  male  with  the  head  missing  shows  no 
marked  divergence  from  the  female  in  coloration. 

Described  from  three  females,  one  male  (type,  allotype,  and  para- 
types)  reared  from  Pseudococcus  gutierreziae  (Cockerell),  Las  Cruces, 
New  Mexico  (T.  D.  A.  Cockerell),  Insectary  No.  728201,  all  in  poor 
condition. 

Type.— Cat.  No.  19119,  U.S.N.M. 

4.  ACEROPHAGUS  ERII,  new  species. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  but  very  slightly  longer  than  wide; 
the  ocelli  in  a  slightly  obtuse-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  their 
own  diameter  from  eye  margin,  and  nearly  twice  their  diameter  from 
10600°— Proc.N.M.vol.50— 16 37 


578  PROCEEDINGS  OF  TEE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

the  occipital  rim ;  face  as  long  as  the  length  of  the  eyes,  the  antennal 
scrobes  obscure;  eyes  about  one-fourth  longer  than  wide,  nearly  bare.' 
Antennal  scape  reaching  but  little  beyond  plane  of  the  front,  flattened 
and  a  little  wider  near  the  middle;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  four 
funicle  joinst  combined;  funicle  joints  one  to  four  subequal  in  length, 
the  first  a  little  wider  than  long,  the  following  increasingly  transverse, 
the  fifth  one-half  wider  again  than  the  first  and  one- third  longer;  club 
elongate  oval,  one-half  wider  again  than  last  funicle  joint  and  as  long 
as  the  funicle  and  one-third  of  the  pedicel  combined.  Wings  uni- 
formly ciliated ;  the  oblique  hairless  streak  with  an  enlarged  and  cut- 
off portion  below,  which  does  not  quite  reach  the  posterior  border  of 
wing.  Ovipositor  protruded  about  one-fifth  the  length  of  the  abdo- 
men, the  exserted  portion  hardly  pubescent.  Pubescence  of  head 
and  thorax  scanty.  Length,  0.7  mm.,  exclusive  of  ovipositor. 

Notum  of  thorax  gamboge  yellow,  the  head  and  underparts  paler 
yellow,  and  abdomen  more  decidedly  orange ;  antennae  and  legs  con- 
colorous  with  head  and  underparts;  exserted  portion  of  ovipositor 
almost  entirely  black.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  nearly  transparent. 
Pubescence  of  head  and  thorax  whitish. 

Male. — In  all  respects  similar  to  the  female,  but  the  front  and 
vertex  a  little  wider  than  long,  and  the  posterior  ocelli  farther 
removed  from  the  eye  margin.  Coloration  the  same  but  thorax  paler 
and  contrasting  more  with  the  deeper  orange-colored  abdomen. 
Length:  0.6  mm. 

Described  from  ten  females,  two  males  (type,  allotype,  and  para- 
types  a  to  j)  reared  from  Erium  lichtensioides  (Cockerell),  Salt  Lake 
City,  Utah,  July  14-16,  1913  (P.  H.  Timberlake),  three  of  the  females 
(paratypes  g  to  i)  mounted  in  balsam,  rest  tag-mounted. 

Type.—C&t.  No.  19120,  U.S.N.M. 

5.  ACEROPHAGUS  CITRINUS  (Howard). 

Rhopoideus  citrinus  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  p.  235. 

Female. — Front  and  vortex  distinctly  wider  than  long,  rather 
coarsely  alutaceous;  ocelli  in  an  obtuse-angled  triangle  of  about  105 
degrees,  anterior  ocellus  at  the  center  of  the  front  and  vertex,  pos- 
terior pan*  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin  and  twice  as  far 
from  the  occipital  rim;  face  and  cheeks  of  normal  length,  the  former 
as  long  as  the  length  of  the  eyes,  antennal  scobes  rather  deeply 
impressed;  eyes  rather  small,  one-fourth  longer  than  wide,  hardly 
pubescent.  Antennal  scape  reaching  but  shortly  beyond  plane  of  the 
front,  flattened  but  narrow;  pedicel  as  long  as  first  four  funicle  joints 
combined;  funicle  joints  all  wider  than  long,  nearly  equal  in  length, 
and  gradually  increasing  in  width  so  that  the  fifth  is  nearly  twice  as 
wide  as  the  first;  club  large,  oval,  rather  pointed  at  apex,  twice  as 
wide  as  last  funicle  joint  and  as  long  as  the  funicle  and  two- thirds  of 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.  579 

the  pedicel  combined.  Wings  small,  reaching  but  little  beyond  apex 
of  abdomen;  uniformly  ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  wide  espe- 
cially on  its  lower  half  and  separated  by  about  one  row  of  cilia  from 
the  hairless  streak  on  the  posterior  margin  of  wing;  stigmal  vein  thick 
and  not  much  narrowed  at  base.  Ovipositor  protruded  about  one- 
fourth  the  length  of  the  abdomen,  the  exserted  portion  pubescent. 
Pubescence  of  head  and  thorax  scanty.  Length:  0.6  mm.,  exclusive 
of  ovipositor. 

General  color,  pale  orange  yellow,  the  head  and  underparts  slightly 
paler;  antennae  and  legs  concolorous;  exserted  portion  of  ovipositor 
blackish  at  apex.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  brownish.  Pubes- 
cence of  head  and  thorax  whitish. 

Male. — Similar  to  the  female,  but  head,  thorax,  and  underparts 
paler,  more  gamboge  yellow,  and  the  abdomen  deep  bright  orange 
yellow.  Length:  0.55  mm. 

Redescribed  from  eight  females,  one  male  (co types),  Truckee,  Cali- 
fornia, September,  1885  (A.  Koebele),  Insectary  No.  3821x,  one 
female  not  belonging  to  the  type  series.  Host  unknown;  neither  of 
the  insects  mentioned  by  Howard  seem  likely  to  be  hosts,  as  all  the 
closely  allied  forms  have  been  reared  from  Dactylopiine  coccids. 

Type.—C&t.  No.  5027,  U.S.N.M. 

Genus  AENASIOIDEA   Girault. 
Aenasioidea  GIRAULT,  Can.  Ent.,  vol.  43,  1911,  p.  171. 

Female. — Differs  from  ApTiycus  Mayr  only  in  the  following  partic- 
ulars: Teeth  of  the  mandibles  slightly  less  equal,  the  upper  two 
being  blunt  and  broad,  the  lower  a  little  shorter  and  more  acute; 
antennal  pedicel  shorter,  no  longer  than  the  first  two  funicle  joints 
combined,  sometimes  no  longer  than  the  first  joint  alone;  funicle 
joints  longer  and  narrower,  all  usually  longer  than  wide,  rarely  with 
the  terminal  joints  a  little  wider  than  long,  and  not  increasing  greatly 
in  width  distad,  the  club  smaller  and  oval;  flagellum  on  the  whole 
therefore  more  cylindrical,  but  the  scape  is  flattened  and  usually 
widely  expanded  below,  as  in  many  species  of  Aphycus.  The  fifth 
ventral  sclerite  of  the  abdomen  reaching  to  the  anus  and  inclosing 
the  ovipositor,  but  not  plowshare-shaped  as  originally  described, 
except  possibly  to  a  slight  degree  after  death  through  shrinkage.  In 
shape  of  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen,  in  sculpture,  vestiture,  type  of 
coloration,  and  venational  characters  not  differing  from  ApJiycus. 

Male. — Like  the  female  except,  that  the  head  is  thinner  antereo- 
posteriorly  and  wider,  the  front  and  vertex  therefore  wider;  eyes 
smaller  and  the  ocelli  larger;  antennae  of  a  more  primitive  structure 
than  in  the  female,  the  scape  being  flattened  but  not  much  expanded 
below,  the  pedicel  shorter  than  the  first  funicle  joint,  the  funicle 


580  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

cylindrical  and  hardly  at  all  increasing  in  width  distad,  clothed  with 
an  abundant  and  rather  long  pubescence,  which  is  suberect  and 
equally  thick  throughout,  the  club  solid  and  pubescent  at  its  base  like 
the  funicle. 

Type  of  genus. — Aenasioidea  latiscapus  Girault. 

Aenasioidea  has  no  close  affinity  with  Aenasius  Walker,  with  which 
it  was  compared  by  Girault,  but  on  the  other  hand  has  descended 
evidently  from  an  ancestral  type  common  to  both  itself  and  Aphycus. 
The  four  known  species,  three  from  North  America  and  one  from 
Japan,  were  all  reared  from  species  of  Kermes. 

ANALYTICAL   KEY   OF  SPECIES. 
FEMALES. 

1.  Front  and  vortex  longer  than  wide 

Front  and  vertex  wider  than  long,  the  ocelli  in  an  obtuse-angled  triangle. 

1.  A.  pulchella  (Howard). 

2.  Ovipositor  not  at  all  or  barely  protruded 3. 

Ovipositor  protruded  prominently,  the  scape  wider  on  the  basal  half,  the  apical 

half  narrow .- 2.  A.  tenuicornis,  new  species. 

3.  Notum  of  throrax  blackish  brown,  the  tibiae  annulated  with  black. 

3.  A.  kermicola,  new  species. 
Notum  of  thorax  orange  yellow,  the  tibiae  not  marked 4.  A.  latiscapus  Girault. 

i.  AENASIOIDEA  PULCHELLA  (Howard^ 

Fig.  3. 
Aphycus  pulchellus  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.S.Nat.Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  pp.  240,  242. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  wider  than  long;  ocelli  in  a  slightly 
obtuse-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  more  than  their  own 
diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  narrow  and  deep 
and  not  uniting  above.  Antennal  scape  more  than  one-half  as  wide 
as  long,  widest  beyond  the  middle;  pedicel  about  one-third  longer 
than  the  first  funicle  joint;  funicle  joints  but  slightly  increasing  in 
width,  the  first  three  a  little  longer  than  wide,  the  last  three  about 
as  wide  as  long;  club  oval,  somewhat  pointed  at  apex,  a  little  wider 
than  the  preceding  joint,  and  equal  in  length  to  the  last  two  funicle 
joints  and  one-half  of  the  fourth  combined.  Wings  uniformly 
ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  contracted  above,  sub  interrupted 
below,  the  cut-off  portion  nearly  reaching  the  posterior  border  of 
whig  and  connecting  with  a  spur  of  the  hairless  .streak  present  on 
the  posterior  margin  of  wing.  Ovipositor  not  protruded.  Length: 
1.3  to  1.4  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  upper  rim  of  occiput,  and  entire  mesonotum  deep 
orange  yellow;  hidden  portion  of  occiput  and  of  pronotum,  entire 
metanotum,  propodeum  and  dorsum  of  abdomen  blackish  brown; 
face,  cheeks,  collar  of  pronotum,  tegulae  except  for  brownish  spot,  and 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APIIYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          581 

underparts,  including  venter  of  abdomen  and  the  legs,  yellowish 
white.  Antennal  scape  black  with  the  base,  upper  margin,  and  apex 
narrowly  yellowish;  pedicel  brown  with  apex  yellowish  white;  first 
two  to  four  funicle  joints  brown  gradually  fading  into  the  pale  yel- 
lowish of  the  last  two  or  more  joints  of  the  funicle  and  the  club. 
Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  dilute  yellowish. 

Male. — Similar  to  the  female  in  structural  and  colorational  char- 
acters except  as  to  the  antennae.  Scape  but  slightly  expanded, 
widest  beyond  the  middle,  and  about  one-fourth  as  wide  as  long; 
pedicel  shorter  than  the  first  funicle  joint,  its  width  at  apex  nearly 
equal  to  its  length;  funicle  joints  not  increasing  in  width,  first  two 
of  nearly  equal  length,  about  one-half  longer  than  wide,  last  two 
slightly  shorter  but  longer  than  wide;  club  elongate  oval,  hardly 
wider  than  preceding  joint  and  as  long  as  the  last  two  and  one-half 
of  the  fourth  funicle  joint,  rounded  at  apex.  The  scape  concolorous 
with  the  face,  its  upper  margin  on  the  outer  side  blackish  brown; 
the  pedicel,  funicle,  and  club  uniformly  brown.  Length:  1.3  mm. 

Redescribed  from  seven  females,  three  males  (cotypes)  reared 
from  Kermes  sp.  on  Quercus  tinctoria,  Ithaca,  New  York,  January 
25-30,  1890  (L.  O.  Howard),  Insectary  No.  76301.  Originally 
described  from  nine  specimens  all  supposed  to  be  females,  and  it 
seems  impossible  to  determine  which  one  of  the  above  ten  specimens 
can  not  be  considered  a  cotype. 

An  additional  female  from  Oklahoma  is  considerably  larger,  but 
identical  in  coloration  as  far  as  preserved,  the  antennae  being  broken 
off  at  the  end  of  the  fourth  funicle  joint.  Differs  only  that  the 
first  funicle  joint  is  hardly  longer  than  wide,  noticeably  smaller  than 
the  second,  the  pedicel  proportionately  a  trifle  longer,  and  the  scape 
slightly  wider,  its  lower  margin  more  fully  rounded.  Length:  1.8 
mm.  Specimen  is  labeled  "Okla.,  727." 

Type.— Cat.  No.  5035,  U.S.N.M. 

2.  AENASIOIDEA  TENUICORNIS,  new  species. 
Fig.  20. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  three-fourths  longer  again  than 
wide;  ocelli  nearly  in  a  right-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair 
about  one-half  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal 
scrobes  deep;  eyes  nonpubescent.  Antennal  scape  expanded  on 
the  basal  half,  rapidly  narrowing  so  that  most  of  the  apical  half  is 
narrow,  the  greatest  width  nearly  one-third  the  length;  pedicel  a 
little  longer  than  the  first  and  about  equal  to  the  second  funicle 
joint;  all  joints  of  the  funicle  longer  than  wide,  not  increasing  in 
width,  filiform,  first  and  last  about  equal,  the  second  to  fifth  a  little 
longer  and  about  three  times  as  long  as  thick;  club  cylindrical  like 
the  funicle,  very  little  wider,  as  long  as  the  last  two  joints  and  one 


582  PROCEEDINGS  OP  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

half  of  the  fourth  funicle  joint,  rounded  at  apex,  its  first  joint  longer 
than  either  of  the  folio  whig  two.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  oblique 
hairless  streak  widened  below  with  the  small  rounded  cut  off  portion 
widely  separated  from  the  posterior  margin  of  the  wing,  and  not  con- 
necting with  the  basal  hairless  streak  which  hardly  extends  by  point 
opposite  the  end  of  the  oblique  streak.  Ovipositor  protruded  about 
one-fourth  the  length  of  the  abdomen.  Length:  1.4,  exclusive  of 
ovipositor. 

Front,  vertex,  and  mesonotum  orange  yellow,  the  front  paler  and 
the  vertex  slightly  dusky  behind  the  ocelli;  face,  cheeks,  lower  half 
of  occiput,  and  entire  underparts  yellowish  white,  the  face  with  a 
narrow,  interrupted  blackish  band  between  the  lower  corners  of  the 
eyes,  and  the  cheeks  with  a  large  blackish  spot  in  their  middle; 
upper  half  of  occiput,  concealed  part  of  pronotum,  the  metanotum, 
propodeum,  and  dorsum  of  the  abdomen  black,  ttte  sides  of  the 
latter  narrowly  whitish  from  near  base  to  apex;  collar  of  pronotum 
and  tegulae  whitish,  the  former  with  a  blackish  brown  dot  on  each 
corner,  the  latter  with  a  pale  brown  dot  on  the  posterior  margin. 
Basal  expanded  portion  of  the  antennal  scape  black,  the  black  con- 
tinuing hi  a  narrow  line  to  apex  on  the  outer  face,  a  narrow  line  along 
base  and  upper  margin  of  inner  face  of  expanded  portion  and  the  whole 
of  the  apical  portion  except  the  black  line  whitish;  funicle  and  club 
nearly  uniformly  brownish  black,  but  apex  of  the  last  four  funicle 
joints  have  a  whitish  dot  on  the  upper  side.  Legs  concolorous 
with  the  underparts,  each  tibiae  with  two  pairs  of  blackish  dots  and 
an  additional  dot  at  the  knee  joint  and  at  apex  of  tibiae,  the  dots 
at  the  middle  of  the  middle  and  hind  tibiae  obliquely  arranged; 
tip  of  last  joint  of  all  tarsi  blackish.  Exserted  portion  of  ovipositor 
pale  brown  but  more  yellowish  on  the  under  side.  Wings  hyaline, 
the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  as  wide  as  long;  ocelli  in  a  right-angled 
triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  one-third  of  their  own  diameter 
from  the  eye  margin.  Antennal  scape  shaped  as  in  the  female,  but 
slightly  narrower;  pedicle  shorter  than  the  first  funicle  joint,  about 
one-third  as  long  again  as  wide;  funicle  joints  all  of  the  same  length 
and  cylindrical,  a  little  more  than  twice  as  long  as  thick;  club  as 
long  as  the  two  preceding  joints  combined  and  no  thicker.  Length: 
1.0  mm. 

A  spot  on  the  cheeks,  the  vertex,  upper  half  of  occiput,  concealed 
part  of  pronotum,  most  of  the  mesonotum,  the  metanotum,  propo- 
deum, and  dorsum  of  abdomen  black;  face,  cheeks  otherwise,  lower 
half  of  the  occiput  and  the  underparts  pale  yellowish;  posterior 
corners  of  the  mesoscutum  yellow;  tegulae  and  collar  of  the  pronotum 
whitish  and  marked  as  in  the  female.  Antennal  scape  whitish  with 
a  narrow  black  line. along  the  upper  margin  of  the  outer  face  and 


Kd.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          583 

with  a  black,  oval  spot  on  inner  face  of  expanded  portion;  the 
flagellum  brownish.  Legs  and  wings  as  in  the  female. 

Described  from  three  females,  one  male  (type,  allotype,  and  para- 
types)  reared  from  Kermes  miyasakii  Kuwana,  Akabane,  Japan, 
August,  1909  (S.  S.  Kuwana). 

Type.—C&t.  No.  18376,  U.S.N.M. 

3.  AENASIOIDEA  KERMICOLA,  new  species. 
Fig.  4. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  one-half  longer  again  than 
wide;  ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  their 
own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  narrow  and 
deep,  uniting  above,  but  not  so  conspicuous  as  in  A.  puchella;  the 
eyes  with  a  scanty,  fine  pubescence.  Antennal  scape  over  half  as 
wide  as  long,  widest  across  the  middle;  pedicel  about  one- third 
longer  than  the  first  funicle  joint;  funicle  joints  all  of  nearly  equal 
length  and  increasing  slightly  in  width,  the  first  three  a  little  longer 
than  wide,  the  fourth  as  wide  as  long,  the  last  two  slightly  wider  than 
long;  club  oval,  with  apex  rounded,  about  one-third  wider  than 
the  last  funicle  joint  and  nearly  as  long  as  the  last  three  funicle 
joints  combined.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak 
widened  and  interrupted  below,  the  cut-off  portion  connecting  with 
a  branch  of  the  basal  hairless  streak  on  posterior  margin  of  wing. 
Ovipositor  not  protruded.  Length:  0.75  to  1.25  mm. 

Front  and  vertex,  upper  rim  of  occiput,  and  upper  part  of  face 
above  the  lower  corners  of  the  eyes  gamboge  yellow;  rest  of  face, 
cheeks,  and  sides  of  occiput  pale  chrome  yellow;  collar  of  pronotum, 
tegulae,  and  underparts  grayish  white,  the  venter  of  abdomen  more 
dusky,  especially  in  the  middle,  and  a  brown  spot  on  each  corner  of 
the  collar  and  one  on  the  hind  margin  of  the  tegulae;  mesonotum 
blackish  brown,  changing  to  dusky  gamboge  yellow  on  the  sides,  the 
axillae  being  almost  entirely  yellowish;  hidden  portion  of  the  occiput 
and  of  the  pronotum,  the  metanotum,  propodeum  and  dorsum  of 
the  abdomen  black,  the  latter  with  the  sides  behind  the  vibrissal 
plates  narrowly  whitish.  Antennal  scape  black,  with  base,  apex, 
and  a  narrow  line  on  the  upper  margin  white ;  pedicel  black  at  base, 
the  apical  two-thirds  white;  first  two  funicle  joints  blackish,  the 
third  somewhat  dusky,  and  the  last  three  yellowish  white;  club 
slightly  more  yellowish.  Legs  dirty  whitish,  with  a  dusky  mark 
on  the  upper  surface  of  all  the  femora,  smaller  and  darker  on  the 
middle  pair;  the  tibiae  with  two  blackish  annuli,  narrow  on  the 
middle  pair  and  wider  on  the  front  and  hind  pair;  the  tarsi  more 
yellowish,  the  last  joint  blackish.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  dusky 
yellowish. 


584  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  no  longer  than  wide;  ocelli  in  a  right- 
angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  one-half  their  own  diameter  from 
the  eye  margin.  Antennal  scape  much  narrower  than  in  the  female, 
only  one-fourth  as  wide  as  long;  pedicel  a  little  shorter  than  the 
first  funicle  joint;  funicle  cylindrical,  barely  increasing  in  width 
distad,  the  first  three  joints  subequal  in  length  and  distinctly  longer 
than  wide,  the  last  three  joints  slightly  shorter,  but  still  longer  than 
wide  unless  they  collapse  or  flatten  on  drying,  when  the  fifth  and 
sixth  are  about  as  wide  as  long;  club  elongate  oval,  rather  pointed 
at  apex,  barely  wider  than  the  last  funicle  joint  and  as  long  as  the 
last  two  and  one-half  of  the  fourth  joint  of  the  funicle.  Length: 
0.75  to  1.0  mm. 

Coloration  similar  to  the  female,  but  the  mesonotum  is  pure  dull 
black  with  the  yellow  on  the  sides  less  extensive  and  more  con- 
trasting; the  black  of  occiput  may  encroach  .on  the  vertex  to  the 
ocellar  region;  face  entirely  pale  yellowish.  The  antenna!  scape 
and  apex  of  pedicel  yellowish  white;  base  of  pedicel,  an  oval  spot 
on  inner  face  of  scape,  and  upper  margin  of  the  outer  face  except 
at  base  and  apex  black;  the  funicle  and  club  uniformly  pale  brown. 

Described  from  seventeen  females,  one  male  (type,  allotype,  and 
paratypes  a  to  p)  reared  from  Kermes  essigii  King  on  Quercus  agrifolia, 
Pasadena,  California,  August  7,  1912  (P.  II.  Timberlake),  and  four 
females,  two  males  (paratypes  q  to  v)  reared  from  Kermes  galliformis 
Kiley,  Murray,  Utah,  September  16-21,  1914  (P.  H.  Timberlake). 

The  paratypes  from  Murray,  Utah,  differ  slightly  from  the  Pasa- 
dena specimens  in  having  the  mesonotum  more  yellowish  with  less 
black,  and  in  having  the  last  funicle  joints  as  long  as  wide.  The 
male  from  Pasadena  is  poorly  preserved,  so  that  a  comparison  in 
this  sex  is  not  possible,  but  the  coloration  seems  nearly  identical. 

Type.— Cat.  No.  18370,  U.S.N.M. 

4.   AENASIOIDEA  LATISCAPUS  Girault. 
Aenasioidea  latiscapus  GIRAULT,  Can.  Ent.,  vol.  43,  1911,  p.  173. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  one-half  longer  again  than 
wide;  ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about 
their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin  and  a  little  farther  removed 
from  the  occipital  rim;  antennal  scrobes  rather  narrow  and  deep, 
uniting  above.  Antennal  scape  one-half  as  wide  as  long,  widest 
across  the  middle;  pedicel  nearly  as  long  as  the  first  two  funicle 
joints  combined;  funicle  cylindrical  but  slightly  increasing  in  width 
distad,  the  first  four  joints  distinctly  longer  than  wide,  the  last  two 
hardly  so,  the  sixth  being  as  wide  as  long,  the  third  joint  longest, 
the  fourth  slightly  shorter,  other  four  joints  subequal  and  noticeably 
shorter;  club  oval,  as  long  as  the  last  three  funicle  joints  combined 
and  nearly  twice  as  wide  as  the  preceding  joint.  Wings  uniformly 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          585 

ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  slightly  wider  below  and  inter- 
rupted, with  the  cut-off  portion  rather  widely  separated  from  the 
posterior  border  of  the  wing.  Ovipositor  barely  protruded,  at  least 
when  material  is  mounted  in  balsam,  probably  not  noticeably  so 
in  life  or  dry  material.  Length:  1.1  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  and  mesonotum  rather  pale  orange  yellow;  face, 
cheeks,  underparts,  and  most  of  the  abdomen  much  paler  yellow; 
center  of  occiput  dusky;  concealed  part  of  pronotum,  a  narrowr 
transverse  line  on  the  anterior  margin  of  the  mesoscutum,  the  meta- 
notum,  propodeum,  and  a  transverse  band  at  the  base  of  abdomen 
blackish;  collar  of  pronotum  and  the  tegulae  pale  yellowish.  Anten- 
nal  scape  black,  with  the  base,  a  narrow  line  on  upper  margin  and 
apical  fourth  whitish;  basal  third  of  pedicel  and  the  first  funicle 
joint  black;  apex  of  the  pedicel  and  rest  of  the  funicle  and  club 
yellowish  white,  with  the  second  funicle  joint  somewhat  dusky. 
Legs  pale  yellowish,  with  the  tip  of  the  last  joint  of  the  tarsi  black- 
ish. Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

Male. — Not  known. 

Redescribed  from  three  females  (cotypes)  reared  from  Kermes 
pubescens  Bogue,  Urbana,  Illinois,  June  25,  1908  (A.  A.  Girault), 
loaned  by  the  Illinois  State  Laboratory  of  Natural  History. 

APHYCOPSIS,  new  genus. 

Comes  closest  to  Apkycus  Mayr,  and  is  similar  in  general  shape 
of  head  and  body,  type  of  coloration,  sculpture,  and  vestiture  of 
body.  The  structure  of  the  abdomen  also  seems  to  be  identical  as 
far  as  can  be  made  out  in  the  limited  material  at  hand.  The  more 
striking  differences  are  as  follows: 

Female. — Antennal  scape  not  flattened  or  expanded  but  clavate 
cylindrical,  much  thicker  at  apex  than  at  base,  with  a  groove  for 
the  reception  of  the  pedicel;  the  pedicel  nearly  as  thick  at  apex  as 
long,  and  but  little  longer  than  the  first  funicle  joint;  funicle  about 
as  in  AphycuSj  but  the  pubescence  is  comparatively  coarse  and 
bristle-like;  club  oval,  somewhat  obliquely  rounded  above  at  apex, 
and  about  as  long  as  the  last  three  funicle  joints  combined.  Vena- 
tion of  wings  the  same,  except  that  the  postmarginal  vein  is  much 
longer  than  in  ApJiycus,  and  nearly  as  long  as  the  stigmal.  The 
tibiae  of  the  middle  legs  enlarged  at  apex,  and  the  middle  tarsi 
swollen. 

Male. — Not  known. 

Type  of  genus. — Aphycus  australiensis  Howard. 


586  PROCEEDINGS  OP  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  SO. 

APHYCOPSIS  AUSTRALIENSIS  (Howard). 
Fig.  33. 

Aphycus  auslraliensis  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.S.Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  pp.  241,  245. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  one-half  longer  again  than  wide;  ocelli 
in  an  obtuse-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  their  own 
diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  deep  and  moderately 
wide,  converging  and  nearly  uniting  above,  the  facial  prominence 
well  elevated;  eyes  nearly  bare.  Antennal  scape  sub  cylindrical  with 
the  apical  half  somewhat  swollen  and  excavated  on  the  under  side, 
nearly  four  times  longer  than  greatest  diameter;  pedicel  about  equal 
to  the  third  funicle  joint  in  length  and  greatest  width;  all  funicle  joints 
of  nearly  equal  length,  the  first,  fifth,  and  sixth  a  trifle  shorter, 
all  increasing  somewhat  in  width  distad,  the  first  a  little  longer 
than  wide,  the  second  about  equal  in  length  and  width,  the  follow- 
ing more  transverse,  the  sixth  being  nearly  twice  as  wide  as  the 
first;  club  somewhat  oval,  truncate  at  base,  obliquely  rounded  at 
apex,  its  first  joint  over  twice  as  long  as  the  third,  its  width  slightly 
greater  than  that  of  the  last  funicle  joint,,  and  its  total  length  equal 
to  the  last  three  funicle  joints  combined;  all  parts  of  antennae  covered 
with  moderately  thick,  stiff,  bristlelike  hair.  Wings  uniformly 
ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  narrowed  above  and  extending 
below  almost  to  the  posterior  border  of  wing  and  nearly  connecting 
with  the  basal  hairless  streak.  Ovipositor  very  slightly  protruded. 
Length,  1.4  mm. 

Color  nearly  uniformly  orange  yellow,  slightly  dusky  on  the 
mesonotum;  front  and  face  somewhat  brighter  or  more  cadmium 
yellow;  collar  of  pronotum  whitish,  but  tegulae  concolorous  though 
paler  than  body,  both  unmarked  with  darker  color;  propodeum  and 
center  of  the  dorsum  of  abdomen  brown;  legs  and  antennae  con- 
colorous with  the  body,  the  club  of  antennae  slightly  brownish, 
and  the  tip  of  the  last  joint  of  tarsi  blackish  brown.  Wings  hyaline, 
the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

Redescribed  from  two  female  (cotypes)  reared  from  Pseudococcus 
sp.  on  Eucalyptus,  Melbourne,  Victoria,  Australia  (A.  Koebele). 

Type.— Cat.  No.  5045,  U.S.N.M. 

Genus  ASTYMACHUS   Howard. 
Astymachus  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  p.  238. 

The  type  and  only  known  species,  Astymachus  japonicus  Howard.1 
will  be  easily  recognized  from  Doctor  Howard's  description  and  need 
not  be  further  considered  here. 

Type.— Cat.  No.  5031,  U.S.N.M. 

i  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  21, 1898,  p.  239. 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          587 

Genus  APHYCUS  Mayr. 
Aphycus  MAYR,  Verb,  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  vol.  25,  1876,  p.  695. 

Female. — Head  rounded  triangular,  the  occiput  concave,  the 
dorsal  aspect  rounded,  the  plane  of  front  meeting  the  facial  plane 
at  nearly  a  right  angle,  but  the  angulation  rounded  off;  face  nearly 
flat,  sloping  downward  and  backward  to  the  mouth,  antennal  scrobes 
usually  rather  weak,  well  separated  by  the  facial  prominence  of 
cuneate  form;  cheeks  nearly  as  long  as  the  greatest  diameter  of  the 
eyes;  front  and  vertex  varying  considerably  in  width,  but  usually 
much  longer  than  wide ;  arrangement  of  ocelli  varying  from  an  acute 
to  a  right-angled  triangle.  Antennae  inserted  close  to  the  mouth, 
their  bases  well  separated;  11-jointed,  comparatively  short,  pubes- 
cent; the  scape  flattened  vertically,  either  linear  or  with  a  broad 
leaf  like  expansion  below;  pedicel  obconical,  usually  about  as  long 
as  the  first  three  funicle  joints,  sometimes  a  little  shorter;  funicle 
joints  in  most  cases  wider  than  long  and  increasing  noticeably 
in  width  distad:  club  rather  large,  either  pointed  or  truncate  at 
apex,  in  shape  more  or  less  oval,  generally  wider  than  the  funicle 
and  about  two-thirds  as  long.  Mandibles  tridentate  with  the  nearly 
equal  teeth  rather  blunt.  Thorax  of  about  the  same  width  as  head, 
robust,  the  mesoscutum  considerably  wider  than  long,  the  axillae 
cuneate,  meeting  medially,  the  scutellum  subtriangular,  with 
rounded  base  and  rather  acutely  angled  apex.  Abdomen  usually 
of  the  same  width  as  thorax  and  a  little  shorter,  flattened  horizontally, 
ovate  to  broadly  ovate,  the  apex  rather  obtusely  rounded,  the  ovi- 
positor not  inclosed  by  the  fifth  ventral  sclerite  which  reaches  about 
to  the  center  of  the  venter;  the  ovipositor  sheaths  f caching  to  the 
apex  of  abdomen  or  slightly  beyond,  mare  rarely  protruded  to  any 
considerable  length;  dorsal  vibrissae  of  abdomen  situated  about  one- 
third  the  total  length  of  abdomen  from  its  base.  Legs  rather  short, 
the  middle  tibial  spur  short  and  stout,  not  as  long  as  the  basal  tarsal 
joint.  Wings  either  hyaline,  with  an  integumentary  spot,  or 
banded  with  areas  of  dense,  dark-colored  cilia;  oblique  hairless 
streak  always  present,  running  from  the  stigmal  vein  proximad  nearly 
if  not  quite  to  the  posterior  border  of  wing;  submarginal  vein  not 
reaching  to  the  middle  of  wing  except  in  some  of  the  smaller,  short- 
winged  species;  marginal  vein  punctiform,  the  postmarginal  reduced 
to  a  mere  spur,  stigmal  vein  moderate  in  length  and  straight;  costal 
cell  of  hind  wing  narrow  but  extending  to  the  booklets. 

Sculpture  of  head  and  thorax  alutaceous,  not  punctate;  head, 
including  eyes,  frequently  but  not  conspicuously  pubescent;  mesono- 
tum  with  a  grayish  or  white  recumbent  vestiture  of  scattered  hairs, 
rather  short  and  stiff,  especially  prominent  in'  the  dark-colored 
species.  Coloration  always  nonmetallic,  of  varying  shades  of  yel- 


588  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

low,  white,  brown,  and  black,  yellow  usually  predominating;  antennae 
usually  banded  with  black  and  white,  rarely  of  uniform  color. 

Male. — Closely  resembles  the  female  in  structural  characters, 
but  the  head  is  thinner  antereo-posteriorly,  the  front  and  vertex 
wider;  eyes  smaller  and  the  ocelli  larger.  Antennae  always  slenderer, 
the  scape  not  so  widely  dilated  below,  the  flagellum  more  pubescent, 
and  the  club  always  solid.  The  pedicel  in  most  of  the  species  is  as 
long  as  the  first  two  or  three  funicle  joints  combined,  but  hi  a  few 
species  the  whole  antenna  shows  a  more  primitive  structure,  the 
scape  being  comparatively  short  and  narrow,  the  pedicel  no  longer 
than  the  first  funicle  joint  alone,  the  flagellum  still  more  pubescent, 
cylindrical  or  increasing  but  very  slightly  in  width  distad. 

The  male  usually  differs  but  slightly  from  the  female  in  color 
but  in  a  few  species  is  much  darker.  The  antennae  are  frequently 
not  so  distinctly  banded,  and  in  many  species  the  flagellum  is  uni- 
formly brownish. 

Type  of  genus. — Encyrtus  apicalis  Dalman. 

The  species  of  Apliycus  are  numerous  and  of  exceptional  economic 
importance,  as  they  are  parasitic  in  different  species  of  Lecanium  and 
related  genera,  and  in  many  cases  serve  as  an  efficient  check  upon  the 
increase  of  their  hosts.  Species  of  the  following  genera  of  the  Coccinae 
are  known  to  be  parasitized,  sometimes  even  by  more  than  one 
species :  Pulvinaria,  Lichtensia,  Filippia,  Ceroplastes,  Coccus,  Tourney- 
etta,  Lecanium,  Saissetia,  and  Pliysokermes.  Species  of  ApJiycus  have 
also  been  reared  from  Tachardia  and  Eriococcus,  but  records  of  Dias- 
pine  hosts  must  be  looked  upon  with  suspicion. 

In  1898  Howard  x  published  a  table  to  separate  the  species  in  the 
female  sex,  and  this  with  many  modifications  has  served  as  the  basis 
for  the  following  table.  This  will  aid  in  the  identification  of  the 
species,  and  the  author  hopes  that  it  will  prove  to  be  reliable  in  the 
great  majority  of  cases. 

ANALYTICAL  KEY   OP  SPECIES.2 
FEMALES. 

1.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated  and  without  tegumentary  markings 9. 

Wings  either  with  a  band  of  weaker,  paler  colored  cilia,  or  with  a  tegumentary  spot. 

Wings  with  a  tegumentary  spot 2. 

Wings  alternately  banded  with  dark  and  pale  cilia 4. 

1  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  21,  p.  240. 

2  Since  this  synopsis  was  drawn  up  the  description  of  Aphycus  praevidens  Silvestri  has  appeared  (Boll. 
Portici  Lab.,  vol.  9, 1915,  p.  295,  fig.  52).    In  the  female  sex  praevidens  runs  to  lounsburyi  Howard  but  the 
posterior  ocelli  are  more  distant  from  the  eye  margin;  the  antennae  about  the  same  except  that  the  first 
three  funicle  joints  are  black  instead  of  the  first  four,  and  the  club  is  not  entirely  black;  coloration  evidently 
paler,  yellowish  instead  of  dark  or  dusky  orange  yellow,  the  metanotum  and  propodeum  without  brown 
markings,  the  dorsum  of  the  abdomen  paler  with  the  brown  less  extensive.    The  male  is  more  like  pulvi- 
nariae  Howard  in  having  the  flagellum  uniformly  brown,  and  the  dorsum  of  the  body  is  described  as 
ochraceous  brown  or  darker  than  in  either  lounsburyi  or  pulvinariae. 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.  589 

2.  Scape  of  antenna  not  expanded,  club  yellow  or  whitish 3. 

Scape  moderately  expanded,  club  black,  preceding  joints  whitish. 

1.  maculipennis,  new  species. 

3.  Antennae  entirely  yellowish  white,  ovipositor  slightly  protruded. 

2.  albicornis,  new  species. 
Club  yellow,  preceding  joints  mostly  brown,  ovipositor  strongly  protruded. 

3.  apkalis  (Dalman). 

4.  Alternate  bands  on  wings  not  conspicuously  contrasting 6. 

Dark  colored  ciliary  bands  conspicuous  and  contrasting  with  pale  areas. 

Scape  widely  expanded,  wings  with  only  one  pale  band 5. 

Scape  narrower,  about  one-third  as  wide  as  long,  an  additional  pale  area  at 
base  of  wing 4.  lecanii  Howard. 

5.  Mesonotum  blackish  brown 5.  fusdpennis  Howard. 

Mesonotum  ochraceous 6.  schwarzi,  new  species. 

6.  Ocelli  in  an  acute-angled  triangle,  pale  band  of  wings  narrow 7. 

Ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle. 

Pale  band  narrow  and  interrupted  on  the  anterior  border  of  wing,  dorsum  of 
abdomen  blackish 7.  rileyi,  new  species. 

Pale  band  wide  and  extending  across  disk  of  wing,  dorsum  of  abdomen  pale 
brown 8.  subfasdatus,  new  species. 

7.  Tibiae  marked  with  one  or  two  pair  of  small  brown  dots • 8. 

Tibiae  with  heavy  blackish  annuli 9.  johnsoni  Howard. 

8.  Coloration  pale  orange  yellow,  no  black  on  the  propodeum  or  dorsum  of  abdomen. 

10.  cockerelli  Howard. 

Coloration  bright  orange  yellow,  propodeum  and  dorsum  of  abdomen  blackish 
brown 11.  similis,  new  species. 

9.  Scape  not  expanded  below,  or  less  than  one-third  as  wide  as  long 23. 

Scape  expanded,  at  least  one-third  as  wide  as  long. 

Club  black  or  blackish  brown,  preceding  joints  whitish 10. 

Club  yellow  except  at  base,  preceding  joints  black. 

12.  physokermis,  new  species. 

10.  Mesonotum  orange  yellow  or  yellowish 11. 

Mesonotum  blackish  brown 13.  coquilktti  Howard. 

11.  Ocelli  in  an  acute-angled  triangle 16. 

Ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle  or  nearly  so. 

Tibiae  immaculate 14. 

Tibiae  dotted  or  banded  with  blackish 12. 

12.  Cheeks  not  marked  with  brown  next  to  the  mouth 13. 

Cheeks  and  face  brown  next  to  the  mouth,  front  and  vertex  not  over  one-half 

longer  again  than  wide 14.  melanostomatus,  new  species. 

13.  Scape  moderately  expanded,  front  and  vertex  twice  as  long  as  wide  or  nar- 

rower   15.  lounsburyi  Howard. 

Scape  very  wide,  front  and  vertex  wider  than  in  the  preceding 

16.  punctipes  (Dalman). 

14.  Metanotum,  propodeum  and  abdomen  blackish  in  great  part 15. 

Metanotum  and  propodeum  orange  yellow,  abdomen  except  the  margins  brown. 

17.  albopleuralis  Ashmead. 

15.  Mesonotum  bright  orange  yellow,  front  and  vertex  nearly  twice  as  long  as  wide. 

18.  kingi,  new  species. 

Mesonotum  pale  yellow,  front  and  vertex  about  three-fourths  longer  again  than 
wide 19.  mayri,  new  species. 

16.  Mesoscutum  not  marked  with  blackish 17. 

Mesoscutum  with  curved,  transverse  blackish  line  on  each  side  near  base. 

20.  Hchtensiae  Howard. 


590  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

17.  Tibiae  dotted  or  banded  with  brown  or  black 19. 

Tibiae  immaculate. 

Ovipositor  not  extending  beyond  tip  of  abdomen 18. 

Ovipositor  protruded  slightly,  no  black  on  occiput,  propodeum  or  abdomen. 

21.  rusti,  new  species. 

18.  First  four  funicle  joints  subequal,  last  two  longer 22.  pulvinariae  Howard. 

First  and  last  funicle  joints  longer,  second  to  fifth  subequal. 

23.  claviger,  new  species. 

19.  Pedicel  black  or  brown  at  base,  with  apex  white  or  yellowish 20. 

Pedicel  brown  with  a  longitudinal  streak  of  white  on  the  upper  side. 

24.  maculipes  Howard. 

20.  Cheeks  not  marked 21. 

Cheeks  blotched  with  brown  next  to  the  mouth 25.  calif ornicus  Howard. 

21.  Scape  moderately  or  narrowly  expanded 22. 

Scape  one-half  as  wide  as  long,  club  nearly  as  wide  as  long,  rounded  at  apex. 

26.  annulipes  (Ashmead).1 

22.  Head  and  eyes  nearly  bare,  scape  narrowly  expanded,  narrower  than  club. 

15.  lounsburyi  Howard. 

Head  and  eyes  moderately  to  thickly  pubescent,  scape  usually  moderately  wide, 
or  wider  than  club 22.  pulvinariae  Howard. 

23.  Ovipositor  not  protruding  or  only  slightly 26. 

Ovipositor  protruded  about  one-fourth  the  length  of  abdomen. 

Ocelli  in  an  acute-angled  triangle 24. 

Ocelli  in  a  right-angled  triangle 27.  oaxacae  Howard. 

24.  Front  and  vertex  over  one-half  longer  again  than  wide,  scutellum  and  mesopleura 

concolorous  with  the  scutum 25. 

Front  and  vertex  about  one-half  longer  again  than  wide,  scutellum  and  most  of 
mesopleura  blackish 28.  ceroplastis    Howard. 

25.  Abdomen  except  the  sides  blackish 29.  mexicanus  Howard. 

Abdomen  with  but  little  trace  of  infuscation  at  the  center. . .  30.  eruptor  Howard. 

26.  Front  and  vertex  narrow,  ocelli  in  an  acute-angled  triangle 27. 

Front  and  vertex  wide,  ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle. .  31.  stomachosus  Girault. 

27.  Club  blackish  with  most  of  the  second  and  the  third  joint  pale 30. 

Club  entirely  brown  or  blackish 28. 

28.  Club  brown,  funicle  either  yellowish  or  brownish 29. 

Club  and  first  three  funicle  joints  black,  last  three  funicle  joints  white. 

32.  eriococd,  new  species. 

29.  Scape  and  pedicel  brown,  the  funicle  yellowish,  general  color  of  body  yellowish 

brown,  more  yellow  beneath 33.  brunneus  Howard. 

Antennae  entirely  brownish,  general  color  black,  shining  but  not  metallic. 

34.  nitens  Kourdumoff. 

30.  Legs  uniformly  yellowish,  tibiae  not  dusky  or  banded 31. 

Tibiae  (posterior  pair  at  least)  dusky,  vertex  and    notum  "testaceous,"  face 

yellow 35.  hederaceus  (Westwood). 

31.  Scape  marked  with  a  small,  longitudinal  streak  on  upper  margin  near  apex 33. 

Scape  marked  with  a  large,  quadrate,  oblique  spot  near  or  beyond  the  middle. .  32. 

32.  Scape  widest  just  before  apex,  last  two  funicle  joints  a  little  wider  than  long. 

36.  alberti  Howard. 

Scape  widest  at  the  middle,  last  two  funicle  joints  about  twice  as  wide  as  long. 

37.  philippiae  Martelli. 

1  The  type  of  A.  annulipes  (Ashmead)  has  lost  both  wings,  and  it  is  possible  but  not  likely  that  they 
were  banded  inconspicuously,  although  Dr.  Ashmead  does  not  mention  this  character.  If  the  wings  are 
banded,  the  species  would  run  to  A.  similis,  from  which  it  differs  in  having  the  antennae  much  shorter 
and  the  club  rounded  at  apex. 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          591 

33.  Coloration  orange  yellow  or  bright  sulphur  yellow 38.  flaw*  Howard. 

Coloration  pale  clay  yellow  with  the  sutures  of  notum  lined  with  blackish. 

39.  luteolus,  new  species. 


MALES. 


1.  Antennae  short,  less  pubescent,  pedicel  longer  than  first  funicle  joint . 2. 

Antennae  long,  thickly  pubescent,  pedicel  shorter  than  first  funicle  joint,  all 

funicle  joints  longer  than  wide. 
Front  and  vertex  about  as  wide  as  long,  ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle, 

tibiae  not  banded 1.  maculipennis,  new  species. 

Front  and  vertex  wider  than  long,  ocelli  in  an  obtuse-angled  triangle,  tibiae 

banded 14.  melanostomatus,  new  species. 

2.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated  and  transparent 6. 

Wings  with  a  band  of  more  transparent  cilia  at  end  of  stigmal  vein. 

Scape  rather  wide,  its  lower  margin  noticeably  curved 3. 

Scape  narrow,  wing  with  two  areas  of  transparent  cilia...  4.  lecanii  Howard. 

3.  Notum  orange  yellow *• 

Notum  blackish  brown - 5.  fusdpennis  Howard. 

4.  Eyes  and  front  less  densely  pubescent  with  short  pile 5. 

Eyes  and  front  densely  pubescent  with  long  pile,  notum  bright  orange  yellow. 

9.  johnsoni  Howard. 

5.  Head  and  notum  dark  orange  yellow,  antennae  short,  club  as  long  as  last  four 

funicle  joints 7.  rileyi,  new  species. 

Head  and  sides  of  mesoscutum  paler  yellow,  antennae  long,  club  no  longer  than  last 
three  funicle  joints 8.  subfasdatus,  new  speciea. 

6.  Scape  narrow  and  not  expanded «• 

Scape  wide  and  more  or  less  expanded  below. 

Front  and  vertex  longer  than  wide,  ocelli  in  an  acute-angled  or  equilateral 
triangle *'* 

Front  and  vertex  as  wide  as  long,  ocelli  in  a  right-angled  triangle,  notum 
black,  yellow  on  sides 19.  mayri,  new^species. 

7.  Ocelli  in  an  acute-angled  triangle,  front  and  vertex  about  twice  as  long  as  wide .  13 . 
Ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle  or  nearly  so,  front  and  vertex  about  one-half 

longer  again  than  wide "• 

8.  Club  not  paler  than  funicle,  either  concolorous  or  darker 9- 

Club  yellow  except  at  base,  the  preceding  funicle  joints  black. 

12.  physokermis,  new  species. 

9.  Cheeks  not  marked  with  brown 10- 

Cheeks  with  a  brown  spot,  tibiae  with  brown  annuli 40.  oregonensis  Howard. 

10.  Tibiae  dotted  with  brown  or  black H- 

Tibiae  unmarked. 

Dorsum  of  abdomen  almost  entirely  yellowish 21.  rusti,  new  species. 

Dorsum  of  abdomen  black  with  whitish  margins 41.  amoenus  Howard. 

11.  Coloration  deep  orange  yellow,  or  with  a  brownish  tinge  on  notum 12. 

Coloration  pale  orange  yellow,  scape  black  except  the  base,  apex,  and  a  narrow 

line  on  upper  margin 10-  cockeretti  Howard. 

12.  Funicle  and  club  uniformly  pale  brownish 22.  puhinariae  Howard. 

'  Last  two  funicle  joints  yellowish  white,  rest  of  funicle  and  the  club  brownish. 

15.  lounsburyi  Howard. 

13.  Scape  rather  narrow,  pedicel  brown  at  base  only 20.  lichstensiae  Howard. 

Scape  wider,  more  expanded  below,  pedicel  brown  with  a  longitudinal  paler 

streak. .  24-  macutiP68  Howard. 


592  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

14.  General  color  yellowish  brown  or  blackish 17. 

General  color  yellow  or  orange  yellow  with  the  dorsum  of  abdomen  sometimes 

blackish  brown. 

Notum  bright  orange  yellow 15. 

Notum  pale  clay  yellow,  dorsum  of  abdomen  more  or  less  blackish. 

39.  luteolus,  new  species. 

15.  Scape  with  a  small  streak  of  black  on  upper  margin  near  apex 16. 

Scape  marked  with  an  oblique  fascia  near  the  middle 37.  philippiae  Martelli. 

16.  Front  and  vertex  only  one-fourth  longer  again  than  wide,  funicle  and  club  uni- 

formly brownish 31.  stomachosus  Girault. 

Front  and  vertex  considerably  narrower,  club  usually  darker  at  base  than  preced- 
ing funicle  joints 38.  flavus  Howard. 

17.  Collar  of  pronotum  whitish  with  black  dot  on  each  corner 20. 

Collar  of  pronotum  entirely  black,  or  concolorous  with  mesoscutum. 

Antennae  uniformly  brownish 18. 

Antennae  not  uniformly  colored 19. 

18.  Coloration  dark  yellowish  brown;  head  yellowish 42.  immaculatus  Howard. 

Coloration  shining  black 34.  nitens  Kourdumoff. 

19.  Scape  yellowish  with  upper  and  lower  margins  darker,  cheeks  mostly  blackish. 

23.  claviger,  new  species. 
Scape  yellowish  with  an  oblique  fascia  near  apex,  cheeks  mostly  yellow. 

36.  alberti  Howard. 

20.  Venter  of  abdomen  more  or  less  brownish 21. 

Venter  yellowish  like  rest  of  underparts 30.  eruptor  Howard . 

21.  Mesopleura  brown 28.  ceroplastis  Howard. 

Mesopleura  yellow 29.  mexicanus  Howard. 

In  addition  to  the  species  given  in  the  above  tables,  there  are  in 
the  United  States  National  Museum  several  unplaced  males,  which 
may  prove  to  be  the  opposite  sex  of  some  of  the  species  already 
described.  One  interesting  species  represented  only  by  males 
(Charlottesville,  Virginia)  runs  in  that  sex  to  ApJiycus  maculipennis 
and  melanostomatus,  but  differs  from  either  in  being  almost  entirely 
black  in  coloration.  Another  species  (also  from  Charlottes ville) 
runs  to  ApJiycus  mayri,  and  differs  in  the  male  sex,  in  having  the 
mesoscutum  entirely  black  and  the  pleura  except  the  anterior  mar- 
gin blackish.  It  is  apparent,  therefore,  that  although  the  North 
American  of  ApJiycus  have  been  made  known  for  the  most  part, 
there  still  remains  much  work  in  correctly  assigning  and  describing 
the  males.  This  work  is  the  more  important,  as  species  which  are 
very  similar  in  the  female  sex  may  differ  widely  in  the  male  sex, 
for  the  males  may  be  either  essentially  like  the  females  in  coloration 
or  much  different. 

It  has  been  found  necessary  to  suppress  only  one  of  the  described 
species,  ApJiycus  flaviceps  Howard  described  from  supposed  females, 
proving  to  be  identical  with  the  male  type  of  maculipes.  It  may  be 
pointed  out,  however,  that  ApJiycus  oregonensis  Howard,  also  de- 
scribed from  supposed  females,  in  all  probability  will  prove  to  be 
the  male  sex  of  calif ornicus.  The  latter  species  itself  is  nearly  iden- 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          593 

tical  with  certain  variations  of  the  eastern  pulvinarix  and  may  prove 
to  be  a  geographical  race,  separated  mainly  by  slight  differences  hi 
color. 

1.  APHYCUS  MACULIPENNIS,  new  species. 

Figs.  11,  36. 
Aphycus  lecanii  KING  (not  Howard),  Can.  Ent.,  vol.  31,  1899,  p.  140. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in  an 
acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  half  their  own  diam- 
eter from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scobes  broad  and  shallow,  the 
facial  prominence  not  much  elevated;  eyes  with  a  sparse,  fine  pubes- 
cence. Antennal  scape  about  two  and  one-third  times  as  long  as 
wide,  widest  just  beyond  the  middle;  pedicel  a  trifle  longer  than  the 
first  two  funicle  joints  combined;  first  three  funicle  joints  subequal 
in  length,  the  fourth  and  sixth  slightly  longer,  and  the  fifth  still 
more  so,  the  first  two  and  the  fifth  about  as  long  as  wide,  the  others 
a  little  wider  than  long;  club  oval,  bluntly  rounded  at  both  ends, 
one-fourth  wider  than  last  funicle  joint  and  as  long  a"s  the  three 
preceding  joints  combined.  Disk  of  wing  uniformly  ciliated,  but 
the  cilia  at  base  of  wing  beneath  submarginal  vein  are  thinner, 
weaker,  and  paler  colored;  oblique  hairless  streak  not  reaching 
the  posterior  margin  of  wing.  Length,  0.8  to  1.25  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  upper  rim  of  occiput,  and  entire  mesonotum  bright 
orange  yellow;  face,  cheeks,  most  of  occiput,  collar  of  the  prono- 
tum,  tegulae  and  underparts  creamy  white,  with  the  usual  dots  on 
collar  and  tegulae  and  the  apical  half  of  venter  brown;  concealed 
part  of  pronotum,  the  metanotum,  propodeum,  and  dorsum  of  abdo- 
men brown,  with  the  basal  corners  of  the  latter  creamy  white. 
Antennal  scape  black,  with  the  upper  margin  white,  broadly  on  the 
inner  face,  more  narrowly  on  the  outer  surface;  pedicel  except  at 
tip,  first  two  funicle  joints,  base  and  under  side  of  the  third  joint 
and  club  black,  remainder  of  antenna  white.  Legs  concolorous  with 
underparts,  the  tibiae  not  marked,  the  tarsi  more  yellowish,  with  the 
tip  of  the  last  joint  blackish.  Wings  with  a  large,  brownish  spot 
moderately  distinct  beneath  stigmal  vein,  sharply  limited  basally 
by  the  oblique  hairless  streak,  entirely  tegumentary  in  nature  and 
not  due  to  the  ciliation. 

Male. — Head  much  shrunken  in  all  available  specimens,  but  the 
front  and  vertex  apparently  about  as  wide  as  long;  ocelli  in  an 
equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  their  own  diameter 
from  the  eye  margin.  Antennal  scape  a  little  shorter  and  narrower 
than  in  the  female;  pedicel  a  little  wider  than  the  first  funicle  joint 
and  no  longer;  funicle  joints  all  of  about  the  same  length,  the  last 
three  slightly  wider,  but  longer  than  wide,  the  first  three  considerably 
longer  than  wide,  all  provided  with  a  moderately  long  pubescence; 
10600°— Proc.N.M.vol.50— 16 38 


594  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

club  hardly  wider  than  the  last  funicle  joint,  about  as  long  as  the 
last  two,  and  one-half  of  the  fourth  joint  of  funicle,  oval  in  shape 
and  bluntly  rounded  at  apex.  Wings  as  in  female,  but  the  oblique 
hairless  streak  nearly  reaches  to  posterior  margin.  Length,  0.75  to 
0.9  mm. 

Entire  upper  parts,  including  front,  vertex,  upper  half  of  occiput? 
and  pronotum,  together  with  the  venter  of  abdomen,  blackish  brown; 
face,  cheeks,  lower  half  of  occiput,  tegulae  and  pleura  pale  brownish 
yellow,  the  tegulae  with  the  usual  brown  spot  on  posterior  margin. 
Antennae  brown,  with  a  paler  spot  across  the  inner  surface  of  scape 
near  the  middle.  Legs  pale  yellowish,  unmarked  except  that  the 
tip  of  last  tarsal  joint  is  blackish.  Wings  as  in  the  female,  but  the 
brown  spot  is  fainter. 

Described  from  seven  females,  six  males  (type,  allotype,  and  para- 
types  a  to  Jc)  reared  from  Lecanium  corylifex  Fitch,  Lawrence,  Mass., 
1898  (Geo.  B.  King),  Insectary  No.  8450°  and  845004. 

Type.—Csit.  No.  18364,  U.S.N.M. 

2.  APHYCUS  ALBICORNIS,  new  species. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in  an 
equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  their  own  diameter 
from  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  shallow;  eyes  with  a  thick,  but 
very  short,  fine  pubescence.  Antennal  scape  flattened,  linear,  not 
expanded;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined; 
joints  one  to  three  of  funicle  of  equal  length  and  increasing  in  width 
with  the  last  three,  so  that  the  sixth  is  more  than  twice  as  wide  as 
the  first,  the  last  three  joints  nearly  twice  as  long  as  the  preceding, 
especially  the  fifth,  which  is  slightly  longer  than  the  fourth  and 
sixth,  all  wider  than  long  except  the  first,  which  is  about  as  wide  as 
long;  club  broadly  ovate,  rounded  at  apex,  about  as  long  as  the 
last  four  funicle  joints  combined,  and  after  collapsing,  one-third 
wider  than  preceding  joint.  Wings  with  a  transverse,  curved  band 
at  end  of  stigmal  vein  of  weaker,  nearly  colorless  cilia,  cilia  also  on 
posterior  margin  near  base  of  wing  become  transparent  or  colorless; 
oblique  hairless  streak  distinct  above,  but  obscured  near  posterior 
margin  of  wing  where  the  cilia  are  weaker.  Ovipositor  slightly 
protruded  and  unusually  slender.  Length,  1.0  mm.,  exclusive  of 
ovipositor. 

Head  and  body,  including  face,  cheeks,  occiput,  pronotum,  and 
pleura,  except  the  paler  prepectal  plates,  deep,  bright  orange  yellow, 
the  abdomen  on  each  side  having  a  blackish  streak  inclosing  the 
vibrissal  plates;  collar  of  pronotum  not  paler  or  not  noticeably  so 
and  without  the  usual  dots  on  the  corners;  tegulae  whitish,  with 
their  posterior  margin  pale  brown.  Antennae  nearly  uniformly  yel- 
lowish white,  with  the  club  purer  white.  Legs  yellowish  white, 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          595 

unmarked  except  for  a  brownish  streak  on  upper  side  of  hind  tibiae 
near  their  base,  and  tip  of  last  joint  of  tarsi  blackish.  Wings  with 
a  large,  tegumentary,  brown  band  across  the  disk  beneath  the  mar- 
ginal vein,  extending  distad  to  end  of  stigmal  vein  with  a  convex 
margin,  separated  from  the  very  slightly  dusky  apex  of  wing  by 
the  band  of  colorless  cilia  and  broken  below  by  a  narrow,  pale  line 
running  parallel  and  close  to  the  posterior  margin  of  wing;  extreme 
base  of  wing  also  infuscated;  the  veins  unusually  dark  brown. 

Described  from  one  female  (type)  reared  from  Pulvinaria  sp., 
Ikeda,  near  Kobi,  Japan,  May  25,  1901  (C.  L.  Marlatt),  and  labeled 
"Shi-de-Kobashi." 

Type.— Cat.  No.  18363,  U.S.N.M. 

3.  APHYCUS  APICALIS  (Dalman). 

Encyrtus  apicalis  DALMAN,  Svensk.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  vol.  41,  1820,  p.  153. 
Aphycus  apicalis  MAYR,  Verb,  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  vol.  25,  1876,  pp.  695,  696. 
Microterys  apicalis  THOMSON,  Hym.  Skand.,  vol.  4,  1876,  p.  169. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in  an 
equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  a  little  over  one-half  their 
own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  distinct,  nar- 
row, converging  above  but  not  uniting;  eyes  with  a  fine,  short 
pubescence.  Antennae  lost  in  single  available  specimen,  but  the 
scape  is  described  as  non-expanded  by  European  authorities.  Wings 
not  uniformly  ciliated,  the  cilia  weak  and  transparent  in  a  broad, 
curved  band  at  the  end  of  the  stigmal  vein,  and  on  the  basal  part  of 
wing  beneath  the  submarginal  vein,  proximad  of  the  band  the  cilia 
beneath  marginal  vein  strong  and  dark  colored,  and  on  apex  of  wing 
moderately  developed;  oblique  hairless  streak  rather  indistinct 
above,  interrupted  at  the  middle  with  the  lower  part  expanded  but 
separated  from  posterior  margin  of  wing  by  a  few  weak,  colorless 
cilia.  Ovipositor  protruded  about  one-half  the  length  of  abdomen. 
Length:  1.1  mm.,  exclusive  of  ovipositor. 

Head  entirely  ferrugineous  orange  yellow;  upper  parts  except  a  nar- 
row whitish  line  on  collar  of  pronotum  blackish  brown,  with  the  sides 
of  mesoscutum  orange  yellow,  and  the  axillae,  metanotum  and  propo- 
deum  paler  brown;  underparts  of  thorax  orange  yellow,  with  the 
mesopleura  slightly  brownish  and  the  metapleura  entirely  blackish 
brown;  venter  of  abdomen  blackish  brown,  contrasting  with  the 
orange  yellow  exserted  portion  of  the  ovipositor;  tegulae  whitish 
with  the  posterior  margin  brown.  Antennae  described  by  European 
authorities  as  having  the  scape  dusky  ferrugineous,  the  flagellum 
brownish  except  the  club  which  is  yellowish  white.  Legs  pale  yel- 
low with  the  middle  and  posterior  tibiae  more  or  less  pale  brownish 
except  at  apex,  and  tip  of  last  joint  of  all  tarsi  brown.  Wings  with 
a  large,  tegumentary,  brown  spot  beneath  stigmal  and  apical  fourth 


596  PROCEEDINGS  OF  TEE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

of  submarginal  vein,  reaching  across  disk  of  wing,  obliquely  inter- 
rupted by  the  hairless  streak,  and  subinterrupted  below  by  a  narrow 
line  of  paler  color  running  parallel  to  the  posterior  margin  of  wing, 
the  spot  augmented  also  by  character  of  the  ciliation  described 
above;  veins  pale  yellowish: 

Redescribed  from  one  female  of  European  origin  but  without  lo- 
cality label.  This  species  evidently  varies  in  coloration  as  accord- 
ing to  Mayr  the  notum  of  thorax  may  be  either  brown  or  orange 
yellow. 

4.  APHYCUS  LECANII  Howard. 
Figs.  10,  40. 

Aphycus  lecanii  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.S.Nat.Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  pp.  240,  242. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  two  and  one-third  times  as  long 
as  wide;  ocelli  in  an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about 
one-half  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes 
shallow  and  wide;  eyes  with  a  rather  dense,  but  short,  fine  pubes- 
cence. Antennal  scape  about  one-third  as  wide  as  long,  widest 
beyond  the  middle;  pedicel  about  as  long  as  the  first  three  funicle 
joints  combined;  all  funicle  joints  equal  or  nearly  so  in  length, 
gradually  increasing  in  width  after  the  second,  the  sixth  being 
nearly  twice  as  wide  as  the  first  two,  all  wider  than  long;  club  oval 
with  truncate  base  and  rounded  apex,  nearly  one-half  wider  again 
than  the  last  funicle  joint  and  as  long  as  the  last  five  preceding  joints 
combined.  Wings  not  uniformly  ciliated,  cilia  blackish  on  area 
beneath  stigmal  vein  and  on  apical  fourth  of  disk,  and  pale  or  whitish 
on  an  intervening  curved  band  and  on  most  of  area  beneath  the 
submarginal  vein;  oblique  hairless  streak  reaching  only  about  one- 
half  of  the  way  across  disk  of  wing  from  stigmal  vein,  obscured 
below  by  the  weak  ciliation.  Length:  0.8  to  1.0  mm. 

Front,  vertex  and  mesonotum  rather  dull  orange  yellow,  the  meso- 
notum  frequently  becoming  dusky  after  death;  face,  cheeks,  and 
underparts  pale  yellowish  white,  the  cheeks  sometimes  brighter 
yellow  and  with  a  blackish  brown  spot  on  lower  corner,  and  the 
middle  of  venter  on  each  side  of  ovipositor  sheath  pale  brownish; 
concealed  portion  of  the  occiput  and  of  the  pronotum,  the  meta- 
notum,  propodeum,  and  dorsum  of  abdomen  blackish  brown,  the 
latter  with  a  broad,  transverse  whitish  band  near  base  nearly  or 
quite  interrupted  in  the  middle,  and  with  a  lateral,  submarginal 
white  streak  behind  the  vibrissal  plates;  collar  of  pronotum  and  teg- 
ulae  whitish,  each  with  the  usual  brown  dots.  Antennal  scape, 
base  of  pedicel,  first  three  funicle  joints  and  club  black,  the  scape 
with  base,  apex  and  a  narrow  line  on  the  upper  margin  of  the  outer 
face  white,  but  on  inner  face  the  white  expands  and  covers  whole 
surface  except  a  large  spot  on  lower  apical  corner;  apex  of  pedicel 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          597 

and  last  three  funicle  joints  pale  yellow.  Legs  yellowish  white, 
with  a  pale  brown  spot  on  upper  side  of  the  femora  near  apex,  and 
with  two  blackish  brown  annuli  on  all  tibiae,  sometimes  interrupted; 
tarsi  pale  brownish  yellow,  the  last  joint  hardly  darker.  Wings  with 
contrasting  bands  of  dark  and  whitish  cilia  as  described  above; 
veins  pale  brownish. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  a  little  less  than  twice  as  long  as  wide; 
ocelli  arranged  as  in  the  female.  Antennal  scape  a  little  narrower 
than  in  the  female,  widest  across  the  middle;  pedicel  shorter  and 
wider,  about  as  long  as  the  first  two  and  one-half  of  the  third  funicle 
joint  combined;  first  funicle  joint  rounded,  a  trifle  wider  than  long, 
following  joints  distinctly  wider  than  long  and  increasing  in  width, 
the  first  four  subequal  in  length,  the  last  two  somewhat  longer;  club 
usually  not  wider  than  preceding  joint,  widest  across  the  base  and 
tapering  to  bluntly  rounded  apex,  as  long  as  the  last  four  funicle 
joints  combined.  Wings  as  in  the  female.  Length:  0.7  to  0.9  mm. 

Coloration  very  nearly  as  in  the  female,  but  the  dark  markings 
of  abdomen  more  extensive  and  sometimes  nearly  pure  black,  with 
the  transverse,  basal  white  band  reduced  to  a  spot  on  each  side  of 
dorsum,  and  the  submarginal  lateral  streaks  present  but  shorter 
and  yellowish  in  color.  The  black  on  antennal  scape  somewhat 
more  extensive,  and  the  first  three  funicle  joints  and  club  more 
brownish. 

Redescribed  from  thirteen  females,  ten  males  (cotypes)  reared  from 
Lecanium  on  pine  (probably  PJiysoJcermes  insignicola  Craw)  and  Le- 
canium  on  Heteromeles  and  Quercus  agrifolia,  two  males  from  Los 
Angeles  County,  California,  remainder-  of  specimens 1  from  Ala- 
meda  County,  California  (A.  Koebele),  Koebele's  Nos.  193°,  215°,  and 
406°;  also  a  large  series  of  both  sexes  reared  from  PJiysolcermes 
insignicola  (Craw),  Santa  Maria,  California,  August  4-24,  1911  (R.  C. 
Wylie),  from  Lecanium  pub  escens  Ehrhornand  Lecanium  corni  Bouche", 
Berkeley,  California,  March  30  to  May  5, 1911  and  1912  (H.  J.  Quayle, 
P.  H.  Timberlake). 

The  male  described  by  Dr.  Howard  is  a  much  different  insect  and 
appears  to  be  a  new  species  of  Blastothrix. 

Type.—C&t.  No.  5034,  U.S.N.M. 

5.  APHYCUS  FUSCIPENNIS  Howard. 

Fig.  1. 
Aphycus  fuscipennis  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.S.Nat.Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  pp.  240,  241. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  two  and  one-half  times  as  long 
as  wide;  ocelli  in  a  very  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  a 
little  less  than  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal 

1  One  female  cotype  found  detached  from  card  point  and  label,  but  probably  from  Alameda  County. 


598  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

scrobes  shallow  and  broad,  uniting  above,  the  facial  prominence  very 
slight;  eyes  weakly  pubescent.  Antenna!  scape  over  one-half  as 
wide  as  long,  widest  across  the  middle;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first 
three  funicle  joints  combined;  all  funicle  joints  wider  than  long,  and 
increasing  in  width  distad,  the  last  two  slightly  longer  than  the  pre- 
ceding, the  sixth  about  twice  as  wide  as  long;  club  about  one-fifth 
wider  than  preceding  joint,  subrectangular  with  the  apex  truncate, 
nearly  as  long  as  the  last  four  funicle  joints  combined.  Wings  not 
uniformly  ciliated,  all  cilia  very  dense  and  black  except  for  a  narrow, 
curved  band  at  end  of  stigmal  vein  where  the  cilia  are  colorless 
although  as  dense  as  elsewhere;  oblique  hairless  streak  extending 
about  two-thirds  of  the  way  across  disk  from  the  stigmal  vein. 
Length:  1.0  to  1.4  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  and  rim  of  occiput  pale  yellow,  face  and  cheeks 
yellowish  white,  the  latter  with  a  brown  streak  on  their  lower  cor- 
ners extending  narrowly  nearly  across  the  oral  margin  of  face ;  center 
of  occiput,  concealed  part  of  pronotum,  and  most  of  thorax  above 
blackish  brown,  the  mesoscutum  narrowly  edged  with  yellowish  on 
the  sides;  collar  of  pronotum  and  the  tegulae  whitish,  the  former 
with  a  small,  round,  blackish  brown  dot  on  each  corner,  the  latter 
with  a  light  brown  spot  on  posterior  margin;  abdomen  above  nearly 
pure  black  with  a  yellowish  white,  narrow,  submarginal  streak  on 
each  side  posterior  to  the  vibrissal  plates;  underparts  yellowish 
white,  the  venter  of  abdomen  with  the  sides  narrowly  and  a  broad, 
median,  longitudinal  band  blackish  brown.  Antennal  scape  black 
with  upper  margin  white,  and  a  pale,  oval  spot  on  outer  face  at  and 
near  the  base;  base  of  pedicel,  first  three  funicle  joints  and  club 
nearly  pure  black;  apex  of  pedicel  and  last  three  funicle  joints 
white.  Legs  yellowish  white,  the  femora  with  two  interrupted  bands, 
the  tibiae  with  three  narrow  annuli  of  blackish  brown;  tarsi  more 
yellowish  with  last  joint  blackish.  Wings  conspicuously  dusky,  due 
entirely  to  the  black  ciliation,  and  with  a  narrow  whitish  band  at  end 
of  stigmal  vein,  of  which  the  basal  margin  is  concave  and  the  apical 
margin  straight  and  transverse. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  about  one  and  a  half  times  as  long  as 
wide;  ocelli  in  nearly  an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair 
nearly  touching  the  eye  margin;  eyes  thickly  pubescent.  Antennae 
as  in  the  female  except  that  the  scape  is  much  narrower,  about  one- 
fourth  as  wide  as  long,  its  lower  margin  forming  a  slight  curve,  the 
funicle  and  club  a  little  slenderer.  Wings  have  the  ciliary  infusca- 
tion  much  less  conspicuous  than  in  the  female,  and  developed  to 
about  the  same  degree  as  found  in  the  females  of  A.  rileyi.  Length: 
1.3  mm. 

Coloration  almost  the  same  as  in  the  female,  but  the  spot  on  the 
cheeks  is  much  smaller  or  nearly  obsolete;  the  yellowish  white  on 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          599 

sides  of  abdomen  replaced  with  dusky  reddish;  the  vertex  in  region 
of  the  posterior  ocelli  blackish  brown;  and  antennae  with  the  dark 
parts  more  brownish,  the  scape  blackish  brown  with  the  upper  mar- 
gin and  spot  on  lower  margin  of  outer  face  near  the  base  whitish, 
pedicel,  the  first  and  part  of  next  two  funicle  joints  and  the  club 
blackish  brown,  rest  of  flagellum  yellowish. 

Redescribed  from  six  females,  two  males  (cotypes)  reared  from 
Lecanium  on  Arctostaphylos  pungenSj  Sonoma  County,  California 
(A.  Koebele),  and  one  female  from  Mountain  View,  California  (E.  M. 
Ehrhorn).  The  latter  specimen  differs  from  the  types  in  being 
smaller  (1.0  mm.  long)  and  in  having  the  scape  somewhat  narrower, 
or  not  over  one-half  as  wide  as  long. 

Type.—C&t.  No.  5033,  U.S.N.M. 

6.  APHYCUS  SCHWARZI,  new  species. 
Fig.  2. 

Female. — Structural  details  as  in  A.fuscipennis,  but  the  front  and 
vertex  is  slightly  more  than  twice  as  long  as  wide,  and  becoming 
narrower  posteriorly.  Length:  1.15mm. 

Face  and  cheeks  yellowish  white,  a  spot  on  lower  corners  of  cheeks 
smaller  and  blacker  than  mfuscipennis,  and  becoming  much  fainter 
on  each  side  of  oral  margin  of  face;  front,  vertex  and  upper  rim  of 
occiput  pale  dilute  brown;  mesonotum  pale  ochraceous  brown,  be- 
coming darker  on  the  posterior  border  of  the  scutum,  the  axillae 
and  scutellum,  and  the  scutum  with  a  narrow,  curved,  blackish  line 
on  each  side  near  the  base ;  collar  of  pronotum  and  tegulae  whitish, 
each  with  the  usual  dots;  center  of  occiput,  concealed  part  of  pro- 
notum, the  metanotum,  propodeum  and  dorsum  of  abdomen  black- 
ish, the  latter  with  lateral  margins  yellowish  white  except  that  the 
black  extends  narrowly  along  the  front  margin  of  the  first  five  seg- 
ments down  to  the  venter  for  a  short  distance;  underparts  yellowish 
white,  the  venter  with  a  narrow,  median,  longitudinal  dark  band 
along  the  ovipositor  sheath.  Antennal  scape  blackish  with  a  spot 
on  outer  face  at  base,  the  upper  margin  narrowly  and  apex  broadly 
yellowish  white;  base  of  pedicel,  first  three  funicle  joints  and  club 
blackish,  and  the  remainder  of  antenna  yellowish  white.  Legs 
yellowish  white,  banded  as  in  fuscipennis  except  that  the  femoral 
bands  are  fainter  and  reduced.  Wings  the  same  but  the  white  band 
is  wider. 

Described  from  one  female  (type)  collected  in  the  Santa  Rita 
Mountains,  Arizona,  June  11  (Hubbard  and  Schwarz).  Mr.  Schwarz 
states  that  it  must  have  been  taken  in  Madeira  Canyon. 

Type.— Cat.  No.  18365,  U.S.N.M. 


600  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

7.  APHYCUS  RILEYI,  new  species. 

Figs.  7,  38. 

AphyciLS  maculipes  HOWARD  (part),  Bull.  No.  5  (old  ser.),  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric., 
Bur.  Ent.,  1885,  p.  18. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  varying  from  one-fourth  longer  again 
than  wide  to  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle, 
the  posterior  pair  one-half  to  fully  their  own  diameter  from  eye  mar- 
gin; antennal  scrobes  shallow  and  broad,  the  facial  prominence  but 
slightly  elevated;  eyes  hardly  pubescent.  Antennal  scape  about 
twice  as  long  as  wide  or  narrower  in  smaller  specimens,  widest  at  or 
just  beyond  the  middle;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  three  funicle  joints 
combined;  funicle  joints  all  wider  than  long,  the  sixth  about  twice  as 
wide  as  the  first,  first  three  subequal  in  length  and  width,  the  last  two 
slightly  longer,  especially  the  fifth;  club  subrectangular,  the  apex 
truncate  or  very  bluntly  rounded,  about  one-third  wider  than  the  last 
funicle  joint  and  as  long  as  the  five  preceding  joints  combined.  Wings 
not  uniformly  ciliated,  the  cilia  beneath  stigmal  vein  and  on  the 
apical  fourth  of  wing  heavy  and  dark  colored,  those  on  an  intervening, 
narrow,  curved  band  weak  and  paler  colored,  the  pale  band  inter- 
rupted, however,  on  the  upper  margin  of  wing;  oblique  hairless 
streak  not  reaching  the  lower  margin  of  whig  nor  connecting  with  the 
almost  obsolete  basal  hairless  streak.  Length:  0.75  to  1.3  mm. 

Upper  part  of  face  above  the  lower  corners  of  eyes,  front,  vertex, 
and  mesonotum  dark  orange  yellow,  the  anterior  margin  of  the  scutum 
sometimes  black;  rest  of  face,  cheeks,  occiput,  and  venter  of  abdomen 
sordid  yellowish  white;  the  pleura,  collar  of  pronotum,  and  tegulae 
more  creamy  white,  with  a  brown  dot  on  each  corner  of  the  pronotum, 
and  tegulae  with  their  hind  margin  brown;  concealed  part  of  pro- 
notum, the  metanotum,  propodeum,  and  dorsum  of  abdomen  blackish 
brown,  the  lateral  margins  of  the  latter  sordid  yellowish.  Antennal 
scape  black,  with  base,  apex,  and  a  narrow  line  on  upper  margin,  more 
indistinct  on  the  inner  face,  yellowish  white;  basal  half  of  pedicel, 
first  two  funicle  joints,  and  club  black;  apex  of  pedicel  and  last  four 
funicle  joints  yellowish  white.  Legs  sordid  yellowish  white,  the 
tibiae  with  two  subinterrupted,  brownish  annuli  varying  somewhat  hi 
in  tensity;  last  joint  of  tarsi  blackish.  Wings  nearly  hyaline,  with  a 
ciliary  uifuscation  on  basal  half  and  at  apex,  and  an  intervening, 
narrow,  curved,  whitish  band  incomplete  on  the  anterior  margin  of 
disk;  the  veins  yellowish. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  about  one- third  longer  again  than  wide; 
ocelli  in  a  slightly  obtuse-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about 
their  own  diameter  from  eye  margin.  Antennal  scape  much  nar- 
rower than  in  female,  hardly  over  one-fourth  as  wide  as  long,  but 
lower  margin  rounded;  pedicel  nearly  as  long  as  the  first  four  funicle 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          601 

joints  combined;  first  two  funicle  joints  subequal  in  length  and  width, 
but  little  wider  than  long,  the  following  increasingly  wider,  the  sixth 
being  about  twice  as  wide  as  the  first,  the  fifth  noticeably  longer  than 
the  others;  club  more  oval  and  rounded  at  apex  than  in  the  female, 
about  one-fourth  wider  than  preceding  joint  and  as  long  as  the  last 
four  joints  of  funicle  combined.  Wings  as  in  female.  Length,  0.7 
to  1.2  mm. 

Coloration  similar  to  the  female  but  the  center  of  occiput  is  dusky 
or  blackish,  the  black  margin  of  scutum  generally  more  pronounced, 
the  center  0f  the  scutum  sometimes  suffused  with  dusky,  and  with 
two  dusky  lines  on  each  side  near  the  base,  the  dorsum  of  the  abdomen 
without  the  pale  margins,  and  the  dark  parts  of  antennae  more  brown- 
ish. The  scape,  base  of  pedicel,  first  one  or  two  funicle  joints,  and 
club  brown  to  blackish  brown;  the  base,  apex,  and  line  on  upper  mar- 
gin of  scape,  apex  of  pedicel,  and  last  four  funicle  joints  yellowish  to 
orange  yellow. 

Described  from  one  female,  twelve  males  (type,  allotype,  and  para- 
types  a  to  Jc)  reared  from  Lecanium  sp.,  on  Japanese  persimmon, 
Millheim,  Texas,  April  28  to  May  12,  1896  (J.  H.  Krancher);  one 
female,  one  male  (paratypes  Z  and  m)  reared  from  an  unknown  host 
on  sumach,  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  August  28,  1878  (C.  V.  Biley) ;  five 
females  (paratypes  o  to  s)  reared  from  Lecanium  corni  Bouche*, 
Ithaca,  New  York,  May  10,  1895  (M.  V.  Slingerland) ;  one  female 
(paratype  ri)  reared  from  Lecanium  corni  Bouche  on  ash,  Guelph, 
Ontario,  June  9,  1907  (T.  D.  Jarvis) ;  one  male  (paratype  t)  Lansing, 
Michigan  (A.  J.  Cook) ;  and  one  male  (paratype  u)  South  Kirtland, 
Ohio,  labeled  "  A.  C.  3524." 

Type.— Cat.  No.  18366,  U.S.N.M. 

8.  APHYCUS  SUBFASCIATUS,  new  species. 
Figs.  6,  39. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in 
an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  nearly  their  own  diameter 
from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  shallow  and  the  facial  promi- 
nence moderately  elevated;  eyes  with  a  slight,  very  short  pubescence. 
Antennal  scape  about  one-half  as  wide  as  long,  widest  across  the 
middle;  pedicel  a  little  longer  than  the  first  three  funicle  joints  com- 
bined; funicle  joints  all  subequal  in  length  except  the  fifth  which  is 
about  one-fourth  longer,  all  distinctly  wider  than  long  except  the 
fifth,  the  sixth  about  twice  as  wide  as  the  first  or  second;  club  sub- 
rectangular,  the  apex  truncate,  about  one-third  wider  again  than 
the  preceding  joint  and  as  long  as  the  last  four  funicle  joints  com- 
bined. Wings  as  in  A.  rileyi  except  that  the  band  of  transparent 
cilia  is  wider  and  extends  entirely  across  disk  of  wing.  Ovipositor 
barely  protruded  beyond  apex  of  abdomen.  Length,  1.7  mm. 


602  PROCEEDINGS  Of1  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

Front,  vertex,  most  of  occiput,  and  entire  mesonotum  pale  orange 
yellow;  face,  cheeks,  sides  of  occiput,  collar  of  pronotuni,  tegulae, 
almost  the  entire  underparts,  the  metanotum,  propodeum  and  abdo- 
men paler  yellow,  with  the  center  of  the  dorsum  of  abdomen  brownish, 
a  brown  spot  on  each  side  of  metapostnotum  and  propodeum  partly 
on  each,  and  the  usual  brown  dots  on  collar  of  pronotuni  and  tegulae 
nearly  obsolete;  concealed  part  of  pronotuni  blackish.  Antennal 
scape  black  with  the  base  and  apex  rather  broadly  and  a  narrow  line 
on  upper  margin  yellowish  white;  base  of  pedicel,  first  two  funicle 
joints  and  a  part  of  the  third  and  club  black;  apical  two-thirds  of 
pedicel,  last  three  funicle  joints  and  apex  of  the  third  yellowish 
white.  Legs  yellowish  with  last  joint  of  the  tarsi  and  two  narrow, 
interrupted  annuli  on  all  the  tibiae  blackish.  Wings  inconspicuously 
dusky  on  base  and  apex,  with  a  transverse  band  at  end  of  stigmal 
vein  more  transparent,  entirely  due  to  character  of  ciliation;  the 
veins  pale  brownish. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  about  one-half  longer  again  than  wide; 
ocelli  nearly  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  fully  their 
own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin.  Antennal  scape  narrower  than 
in  the  female,  about  one-third  as  wide  as  long;  pedicel  and  funicle 
about  the  same  except  that  the  fifth  joint  of  funicle  is  relatively 
shorter  and  wider;  club  more  oval  and  bluntly  rounded  at  apex,  no 
wider  than  the  preceding  joint  and  as  long  as  the  last  three  joints 
combined.  Length,  1.5  mm. 

Coloration  similar  to  that  of  female,  but  the  mesonotum  more 
dusky  orange  especially  along  the  sutures  and  the  sides  of  the  scutum 
paler;  center  of  occiput,  the  metanotum,  propodeum  and  entire 
dorsum  of  abdomen  nearly  pure  black;  dots  on  corners  of  the  pronotal 
collar  distinct  and  blackish.  Antennae  orange  yellow  with  the  lower 
half  of  scape  except  at  base  and  apex,  the  base  of  pedicel  and  club 
black,  and  the  first  funicle  joint  slightly  dusky.  Dusky  and  trans- 
parent bands  of  wings  less  distinct. 

Described  from  six  females,  two  males  (type,  allotype,  and  para- 
types  a  to  /)  reared  from  Lecanium  cerasifex  on  elm,  Columbus, 
Kansas,  May  11-18,  1908  (W.  J.  Moore),  and  one  female  (paratype  g) 
labeled  "Oklahoma,  864." 

Type.—C&t.  No.  18367,  U.S.N.M. 

9.  APHYCUS  JOHNSONI  Howard. 

Figs.  8,  37. 
AphyciisjohnsoniTLow±-Ri>,  Proc.  U.S.  Nat.Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  pp.  241,  244. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in 
an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  one-fourth  their 
own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  shallow  and  the 
facial  prominence  but  slightly  elevated;  eyes  with  a  very  short,  fine 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OP  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          603 

pubescence.  Antennae  longer  than  in  allied  species,  the  funicle 
joints  and  club  frequently  not  collapsing  after  death;  scape  about 
twice  as  long  as  wide  or  a  little  narrower,  widest  at  or  beyond  the 
middle;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined; 
funicle  joints  of  nearly  equal  length  with  the  fifth  and  sometimes  the 
sixth  slightly  longer,  the  first  three  hardly  increasing  in  width  and  a 
little  wider  than  long,  last  three  increasing  in  width  so  that  the  sixth 
is  about  twice  as  wide  as  the  first  joint,  the  fourth  and  sixth  and 
sometimes  the  fifth  wider  than  long;  club  subrectangular,  truncate 
at  apex,  no  wider  than  the  preceding  joint  and  as  long  as  the  last  three 
funicle  joints  combined  or  a  little  more,  or  if  collapsing  more  rounded 
at  apex  and  wider  than  the  last  funicle  joint.  Wings  as  in  A.  rileyi 
but  the  transparent  band  of  cilia  may  be  incomplete  also  on  the 
lower  margin  of  disk.  Length,  1.2  to  1.4  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  and  mesonotum  dark  orange  yellow,  with  dusky 
shadings  on  the  scutellum  and  a  narrow,  transverse,  blackish  line  on 
each  side  of  scutum  in  the  type,  but  frequently  without  dusky  or 
blackish  markings  and  rarely  much  brighter  orange  yellow  in  color; 
center  of  occiput,  concealed  part  of  pronotum,  the  metanotum, 
propodeum  and  dorsum  of  abdomen  black  or  blackish,  the  latter 
with  the  sides  behind  the  vibrissae  shading  into  dusky  yellowish  or 
whitish,  sometimes  more  distinctly  so;  face,  cheeks  and  underparts 
pale  yellowish,  with  venter  of  abdomen  dusky  whitish;  collar  of 
pronotum  and  tegulae  whitish  with  the  usual  brown  markings. 
Antennal  scape  black  with  the  base,  apex,  and  line  on  upper  margin 
narrowly  yellowish  white;  basal  half  of  pedicel,  first  two  funicle 
joints  and  club  black;  rest  of  pedicel  and  funicle  yellowish  white, 
with  the  third  funicle  joint  sometimes  dusky.  Legs  pale  yellowish; 
the  anterior  femora  with  a  brown  spot  near  apex,  the  hind  femora 
with  an  obscure  streak  of  brown  on  outer  surface;  front  tibiae  with 
three  distinct  brown  annuli,  the  third  one  at  apex,  middle  and  hind 
tibiae  with  two  annuli  and  a  brown  spot  at  the  knee  joint;  last  joint 
of  the  tarsi  tipped  with  blackish.  Wings  with  faint  ciliary  banding 
usually  as  in  A.  rileyi;  the  veins  pale  brownish. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  one-half  longer  again  than  wide;  ocelli 
nearly  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the  space  between  posterior  pair 
slightly  greater  than  distance  from  either  to  the  anterior  ocellus; 
eyes  more  pubescent  than  in  the  female.  Antennae  nearly  as  in  the 
female  except  that  the  scape  is  much  narrower  or  nearly  four  times 
longer  than  wide  with  the  lower  margin  gently  rounded.  Length, 
1.25  mm. 

Coloration  as  in  the  female  except  that  the  sides  of  abdomen 
behind  the  vibrissae  are  narrowly  reddish;  and  the  scape  of  antennae 
black  on  outer  surface  with  the  base,  apex  and  a  narrow  line  on  the 
upper  margin  yellow,  entirely  yellow  on  inner  face  except  a  black 


604  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

streak  along  the  lower  margin,  the  base  of  pedicel  brownish,  the  club 
black,  rest  of  pedicel  and  funicle  yellow  with  the  first  funicle  joint 
slightly  dusky. 

Redescribed  from  one  female  (type)  reared  from  Lecanium  on  elm, 
Champaign,  Illinois,  April  29,  1896  (W.  G.  Johnson),  one  female, 
one  male  reared  from  Lecanium  jitchii  Signoret,  Trenton,  Ontario, 
and  five  females  reared  from  Lecanium  nigrofasciatum  Pergande, 
Mount  Alto,  Pennsylvania,  June,  1913  (F.  L.  Simanton). 

Type.— Cut.  No.  5040,  U.S.N.M. 

10.  APHYCUS  COCKERELLI  Howard. 

Fig.  9. 
Aphycus  cockerelli  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.S.Nat.Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  pp.  240,  243. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in  an 
acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  a  little  over  one-half  their 
own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  broad  and 
shallow,  the  facial  prominence  but  slightly  elevated;  eyes  barely 
pubescent.  Antennal  scape  about  one-half  as  wide  as  long,  widest 
across  the  middle;  pedicel  as  long  at  the  first  three  funicle  joints  com- 
bined; first  two  funicle  joints  slightly  wider  than  long  and  subequal, 
the  next  two  increasing  in  width  but  not  in  length,  the  sixth  slightly 
longer  than  the  first  four,  the  fifth  still  more  so,  both  about  twice  as 
wide  as  the  first  joint;  club  very  broadly  oval,  bluntly  rounded  or 
sub  truncate  at  apex,  about  one-fourth  wider  than  the  preceding  joint 
and  a  little  longer  than  the  last  three  funicle  joints  combined.  Wings 
with  the  ciliation  not  conspicuously  darkened  yet  with  a  narrow, 
curved  band  of  greater  transparency  at  end  of  the  stigmal  vein,  which 
attains  neither  anterior  nor  the  posterior  border  of  the  wing ;  oblique 
hairless  streak  obliterated  above  before  reaching  the  stigmal  vein, 
interrupted  below  with  the  cut-off  portion  almost  connecting  with  the 
rather  distinct  basal  hairless  streak.  Length,  1.25  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  occiput,  mesonotum,  metanotum,  propodeum,  and 
dorsum  of  abdomen  pale  cadmium  yellow,  purer  or  brighter  yellow 
on  the  head  and  brownish  on  the  metanotum,  propodeum,  and  middle 
of  the  abdomen;  face,  cheeks,  collar  of  pronotum,  tegulae,  and  entire 
underparts  creamy  yellowish  white,  the  usual  dots  on  collar  and  tegu- 
lae obsolete ;  concealed  part  of  the  pronotum  brown.  Antennal  scape 
except  base,  apex,  and  a  narrow  line  on  the  upper  margin,  the  basal 
third  of  pedicel,  first  two  funicle  joints,  and  club  black,  the  rest  of 
antenna  yellowish  white.  Legs  concolorous  with  underparts;  the 
middle  tibiae  marked  with  two  minute,  brown  dots  on  the  outer  sur- 
face near  base,  dots  on  other  tibiae  much  fainter  and  nearly  obsolete; 
last  joint  of  the  tarsi  blackish  at  apex.  Wings  hyaline,  the  more 
transparent  band  hardly  visible  unless  wing  is  mounted  in  balsam; 
the  veins  pale  yellowish. 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.  605 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  about  one  and  three-fourths  times  as  long 
as  wide;  ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  a  little  over 
one-half  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin.  Antennal  scape 
hardly  more  than  one-fourth  as  wide  as  long,  its  lower  margin  slightly 
curved,  widest  before  the  middle  and  tapering  gradually  to  the  apical 
end;  pedicel  as  in  the  female,  rest  of  antenna  broken  off  in  single 
available  specimen.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated,  showing  no  trace  of 
the  ciliary  banding.  Length,  1.2  mm. 

'  Coloration  nearly  as  in  female,  but  the  upper  half  of  the  center  of 
occiput,  the  concealed  part  of  the  pronotum,  the  metanotum,  propo- 
deum,  and  dorsum  of  abdomen  blackish,  the  latter  with  the  sides 
behind  the  vibrissae  narrowly  bright  yellow;  collar  of  pronotum  and 
the  tegulae  whitish,  the  former  with  a  very  pale  brownish  dot  on  each 
corner,  the  latter  not  marked.  Antenna  as  much  as  known  colored 
as  in  the  female,  but  the  pale  parts  more  yellowish.  Legs  as  in  female 
except  that  the  tibial  dots  are  a  little  heavier.  Wings  entirely  hya- 
line, the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

Redescribed  from  five  females,  one  male  (cotypes)  reared  from  a 
Lecanium  on  osage  orange,  Las  Graces,  New  Mexico  (T.  D.  A.  Cock- 
erell). 

Type.—C&t.  No.  5038,  U.S.N.M. 

11.  APHYCUS  SIMILIS,  new  species. 
Fig.  19. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in 
an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  one-half  their  own 
diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  eyes  with  a  very  fine,  sparse  pubes- 
cence. Antennal  scape  one-half  as  wide  as  long,  widest  across  the 
middle;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined;  first 
funicle  joint  a  little  wider  than  long,  following  three  of  the  same  length 
as  the  first  but  increasingly  wider,  the  fifth  about  three-fourths  longer 
again  than  the  preceding  joints,  the  sixth  a  little  shorter  than  the  fifth 
and  fully  twice  as  wide  as  the  first ;  club  subquadrate,  about  one-fourth 
longer  than  wide,  very  bluntly  rounded  or  sub  truncate  at  apex,  nearly 
one-third  wider  than  the  last  funicle  joint  and  nearly  as  long  as  the 
last  four  preceding  joints  combined.  Wings  with  a  narrow,  curved 
band  of  more  transparent  cilia  at  end  of  stigmal  vein,  which  becomes 
obsolete  on  the  anterior  margin  of  disk;  oblique  hairless  streak  reach- 
ing from  the  stigmal  vein  about  two-thirds  of  the  way  across  the  disk, 
and  without  a  distinct  cut-off  portion.  Length,  0.9  to  1.3  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  and  mesonotum  bright  orange  yellow;  face,  cheeks, 
occiput,  and  underparts  pale  yellow;  concealed  part  of  the  pronotum, 
a  spot  on  each  side  of  the  metanotum  and  propodeum  situated  partly 
on  both,  and  the  dorsum  of  the  abdomen  brown  or  blackish  brown,  the 
lateral  margins  of  the  latter  from  base  to  apex  yellow;  collar  of  prono- 


606  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

turn  and  tegulae  whitish,  the  former  with  a  small,  brown  dot  on  each 
corner,  and  the  posterior  margin  of  the  latter  slightly  brownish. 
Antennal  scape,  except  the  base,  apex,  and  a  narrow  line  on  the  upper 
margin,  the  basal  third  of  pedicel,  first  funicle  joint,  and  lower  side  of 
the  second  joint  and  the  club  black;  rest  of  antenna  yellowish  white. 
Legs  concolorous  with  the  underparts;  middle  tibiae  with  two  pair 
of  small,  brown  dots,  the  front  and  hind  tibiae  with  two  pair  of  larger, 
nearly  confluent,  but  much  paler  dots;  last  joint  of  all  tarsi  tipped 
with  blackish.  Wings  hyaline  with  the  more  transparent,  ciliary 
band  described  above;  the  veins  pale  brownish. 

Described  from  nine  females  (type  and  paratypes  a  to  Ji)  reared  from 
a  Lecanium  on  Japanese  persimmon,  Millheim,  Texas,  April  24  to  May 
12,  1896  (J.  H.  Krancher),  Insectary  No.  7042°. 

Type.—C&i.  No.  18368,  U.S.N.M. 

12.  APHYCUS  PHYSOKERMIS,  new  species. 
Figs.  13,  42. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  a  little  less  than  twice  as  long  as  wide ; 
ocelli  nearly  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  usually 
slightly  nearer  each  other  than  either  to  the  anterior  ocellus,  and 
about  one-half  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal 
scrobes  shallow  and  broad;  eyes  nearly  bare.  Antennal  scape  three 
times  as  long  as  wide,  widest  across  the  middle;  pedicel  nearly  as  long 
as  the  first  four  funicle  joints  combined;  first  four  funicle  joints  of 
equal  length,  increasing  very  slightly  in  width,  all  but  the  first  dis- 
tinctly wider  than  long,  last  two  joints  subequal  in  length  and  width, 
decidedly  longer  and  wider  than  the  preceding  joints,  and  over  twice 
as  wide  as  the  first;  club  oval  in  shape,  rounded  at  apex,  one-fifth 
wider  than  last  funicle  joint  and  nearly  as  long  as  the  preceding  five 
joints  combined.  Wings  uniformly  and  densely  ciliated;  oblique 
hairless  streak  narrowed  above  and  interrupted  below,  the  cut-off 
portion  not  connecting  with  the  basal  streak.  Body  more  robust 
than  in  allied  species,  the  abdomen  considerably  wider  than  the 
thorax ;  ovipositor  very  slightly  protruding.  Length,  0.9  to  1.5  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  and  mesonotum  dull  orange  yellow,  brighter  on  the 
head;  face,  cheeks,  and  underparts  pale  lemon  yellow,  the  venter  of 
abdomen  more  gamboge  yellow,  with  a  blackish  brown  infuscation 
on  each  side  of  the  middle,  the  center  of  occiput  and  the  mesosternum 
also  dusky;  collar  of  pronotum  whitish  with  a  black  dot  on  each 
corner;  tegulae  yellowish  white  and  broadly  marked  with  brown  on 
outer,  apical  corner;  concealed  part  of  pronotum,  the  metanotum, 
propodeum,  and  dorsum  of  abdomen  blackish  brown,  the  latter  with 
lateral  margins  behind  the  vibrissae  yellowish.  Antennal  scape 
black  with  basal  third  and  spot  at  apex  yellowish  white;  base  of 
pedicel,  funicle,  and  basal  margin  of  club  black;  apex  of  pedicel  and 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.  607 

most  of  the  club  lemon,  yellow.  Legs  concolorous  with  the  under- 
parts,  the  tarsi  more  brownish  yellow  with  the  tip  of  the  last  joint 
blackish;  middle  tibiae  with  two  broad,  interrupted,  blackish  brown 
annuli,  hind  tibiae  with  annuli  wider  but  paler,  and  on  the  front 
pair  the  annuli  are  reduced  to  dusky  markings.  Wings  hyaline, 
the  veins  pale  yellowish  brown. 

Females  vary  in  the  intensity  of  the  tibial  markings,  the  extent 
of  the  infuscation  on  the  venter,  and  in  some  the  yellow  streak  on 
the  sides  of  the  dorsum  of  abdomen  is  wider  and  extends  anteriorly 
even  to  the  base  of  abdomen. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  about  one-half  longer  again  than  wide, 
ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle.  Antennae  as  in  the  female,  but 
the  scape  is  much  narrower  and  the  club  is  barely  wider  than  the 
last  funicle  joint.  Length:  0.8  to  1.0  mm. 

Coloration  similar  to  the  female,  but  the  black  on  abdomen  is 
often  more  intense  and  the  yellow  on  the  sides  is  reduced  and  some- 
times obsolete;  venter  may  lack  the  dusky  markings,  and  the  meso- 
notum  is  sometimes  tinted  with  brownish,  especially  on  the  middle 
of  the  scutum  and  on  the  scutellum. 

Described  from  fourteen  females,  four  males  (type,  allotype,  and 
paratypes  a  to  p)  reared  from  PJiysokermes  insignicola  (Craw),  Santa 
Maria,  California,  April  22-26,  1911,  1912,  and  November  28  to  De- 
cember 11,  1911  (R.  C.  Wylie).  Many  additional  specimens  in 
the  author's  collection  reared  with  the  above  may  be  considered 
metatypes. 

Type.—C&t.  No.  18369,  U.S.N.M. 

13.  APHYCUS  COQUILLETTI  Howard. 

Fig.  12. 

Aphycm  coquilletti  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.S.Nat.Mus.,  vol.  21, 1898,  pp.  241,  244. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in  an 
acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  one-fourth  their  own 
diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  rather  deep  and 
narrow  and  the  facial  prominence  larger  and  more  elevated  than 
usually;  eyes  not  pubescent.  Antennal  scape  about  one-third  as 
wide  as  long,  widest  across  the  middle,  the  lower  margin  evenly 
rounded;  pedicel  a  little  longer  than  the  first  three  funicle  j obits 
combined;  first  four  funicle  joints  equal  in  length,  the  first  two 
hardly  wider  than  long,  last  two  joints  noticeably  longer  and  wider 
than  the  preceding,  wider  than  long,  the  sixth  nearly  twice  as  wide 
as  the  first  joint;  club  oval,  more  rounded  at  apex  than  at  base, 
about  one-third  wider  than  the  preceding  joint  and  as  long  as  the 
last  five  funicle  joints  combined.  Wings  narrow,  uniformly  ciliated; 


608  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

oblique  hairless  streak  interrupted  below  with  the  cut  off  portion 
connecting  with  the  distinct  basal  hairless  streak.  Length:  0.8  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  and  sides  of  the  occiput  cadmium  yellow;  face  and 
cheeks  paler  with  a  very  pale  brownish  spot  on  the  lower  corners  of 
the  latter;  tegulae  except  the  usual  brown  spot  behind,  the  entire 
underparts  and  abdomen  pale  yellowish,  the  dorsum  of  the  latter 
brownish  in  the  middle;  collar  of  pronotum  white  with  a  brown  dot 
on  each  corner;  concealed  part  of  the  pronotum  and  occiput,  the 
mesonotum,  metanotum,  and  propodeum  blackish  brown,  the 
mesoscutum  fading  to  yellowish  narrowly  on  the  sides.  Antennal 
scape  black  with  the  base,  apex,  and  line  on  upper  margin  broadly 
white;  base  of  pedicel,  first  four  funicle  joints,  and  club  blackish 
brown,  the  latter  becoming  yellowish  at  apex;  apex  of  pedicel  and 
last  two  funicle  joints  pale  yellowish.  Legs  concolorous  with  the 
underparts,  with  two  narrow,  interrupted  brown  annuli  on  the  tibiae, 
nearly  obsolete  on  the  front  pair;  apex  of  last  joint  of  the  tarsi  dusky. 
Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

Redescribed  from  two  females  (co types),  Los  Angeles,  California 
(D.  W.  CoquiUett). 

One  female  reared  from  Pulvinaria  bigeloviae  Cockerell,  Murray, 
Utah,  June  2,  1913  (P.  H.  Timberlake),  differs  from  co  types  as  fol- 
lows: All  dark  markings  more  intense  or  nearly  pure  black;  upper 
part  of  cheeks  and  sides  of  occiput  concolorous  with  front  and  vertex; 
the  spot  on  lower  corners  of  cheeks  next  to  the  mandibles  large  and 
blackish;  sides  of  the  mesoscutum  hardly  paler;  dorsum  of  abdomen 
very  dilute  blackish  brown,  with  the  sides  behind  vibrissae  pale 
yellowish;  venter  of  abdomen  more  grey  than  yellowish  and  becom- 
ing fuscous  at  the  middle;  tibial  bands  of  legs  not  interrupted  and 
blacker.  Length:  0.9  mm. 

Type.—Csii.  No.  5041,  U.S.N.M. 

14.  APHYCUS  MELANOSTOMATUS,  new  species. 
Figs.  18,  53. 

Encyrtus  punctipes  DALMAN  (part),  Svensk.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  vol.  41,  1820, 

p.  371. 
Encyrtus  punctipes,  var.  2°,  NEES,  Hym.  Ichn.  affin.  Monogr.,  vol.  2, 1834,  p.  202. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  one-third  longer  again  than  wide; 
ocelli  nearly  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  slightly 
farther  apart  than  either  to  the  anterior  ocellus,  and  about  their  own 
diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  indistinct,  the  face 
being  almost  evenly  concave  with  a  slight  prominence  between  the 
bases  of  the  antennae;-  eyes  covered  with  a  short  but  dense  pubes- 
cence. Antennal  scape  about  one-half  as  wide  as  long,  widest  across 
the  middle;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  two  joints  of  funicle  and  one- 
half  of  the  third  combined;  first  four  funicle  joints  subequal  in  length, 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.  609 

the  first  slightly  longer  and  increasing  slightly  in  width,  the  last 
two  wider  than  the  preceding  and  longer,  the  fifth  especially  longer 
and  about  as  long  as  wide,  the  sixth  wider  than  long  and  about  twice 
as  wide  as  the  first  joint;  club  oval,  rather  rounded  at  apex,  about 
one-third  wider  again  than  preceding  joint  and  a  little  longer  than 
the  last  three  funicle  joints  combined.  Wings  uniformly  and  densely 
ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  interrupted  below,  the  cut-off  portion 
not  reaching  posterior  margin  of  whig.  Length,  0.7  to  1.5  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  upper  part  of  face  above  lower  corners  of  eyes  and 
mesonotum  deep  orange  yellow,  the  latter  slightly  darker  and  often 
with  a  curved,  faint  blackish  line  on  each  side  of  the  base  of  the 
scutum;  face  and  cheeks  yellowish  white,  with  the  black  of  the 
occiput  extending  broadly  on  to  the  lower  corners  of  the  cheeks  and 
as  a  narrow  brown  band  entirely  across  the  oral  margin  of  face; 
occiput,  except  the  orange  yellow  upper  rim  and  yellowish  white 
sides  above,  concealed  portion  of  pronotum,  the  metanotum,  pro- 
podeum,  and  dorsum  of  the  abdomen  dull  black,  the  latter  with  the 
margins  behind  the  vibrissae  white;  pronotal  collar  whitish  with  a 
brown  dot  on  each  corner;  tegulae,  except  for  a  brown  spot  on  poste- 
rior margin,  and  the  underparts  sordid  yellowish  white,  the  venter 
of  the  abdomen  dusky  in  the  middle.  Antennal  scape  black  with  a 
narrow  line  on  upper  margin  and  a  roundish  spot  on  lower,  basal 
corner  of  the  outer  surface  yellowish  white;  basal  third  of  pedicel, 
first  three  and  a  part  of  fourth  funicle  joint,  and  club  blackish;  rest 
of  antenna  yellowish  white.  Legs  yellowish  white;  all  tibiae  with  two 
blackish  annuli;  and  last  joint  of  the  tarsi  blackish.  Wings  hyaline, 
the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  wider  than  long;  ocelli  in  an  obtuse- 
angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  fully  their  own  diameter  from  the 
eye  margin.  Antennal  scape  much  narrower,  than  in  the  female, 
about  three  times  as  long  as  wide;  pedicel  a  trifle  shorter  than  the 
first  funicle  joint;  all  funicle  joints  subequal  in  length,  increasing 
slightly  in  width,  the  first  distinctly  longer  than  wide,  others  about 
as  wide  as  long;  club  narrow  and  rather  pointed  at  apex,  no  wider 
than  the  preceding  joint  and  a  trifle  longer  than  the  last  two  funicle 
joints  combined;  flagellum  on  the  whole  long,  slender  and  thickly 
pubescent.  Length,  1.0  to  1.15  mm. 

Vertex,  occiput,  a  greater  part  of  cheeks  and  lower  margin  of  face, 
concealed  part  of  pronotum,  most  of  notum  of  thorax  and  the  abdo- 
men including  venter  black  or  blackish  brown,  being  nearly  pure, 
dull  black  on  the  notum  and  shading  into  yellowish  on  the  sides  of 
the  scutum;  front  orange  yellow;  greater  part  of  face,  cheeks  next  to 
the  eyes,  collar  of  pronotum,  tegulae  and  underparts  of  thorax 
yellowish  white,  the  collar  having  a  black  dot  on  each  corner,  and  the 
tegulse  a  brown  spot  on  the  posterior  margin.  Antennae  pale  yel- 
10600°— Proc.N.M.vol.50— 16 39 


610  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

lowish  brown,  the  lower  side  of  scape  and  apex  of  pedicel  paler.  Legs 
and  wings  as  in  female. 

Described  from  fourteen  females,  eleven  males  (type,  allotype,  and 
paratypes  a  to  w)  reared  from  a  Lecanium  on  linden,  Ermelunden, 
Sealand,  Denmark,  June,  1906  (J.  P.  Kryger).  The  following  mate- 
rial, which  may  be  considered  as  metatypes,  also  examined:  Many 
specimens  of  both  sexes  reared  with  the  above  types,  preserved  in 
alcohol;  seven  males  reared  from  a  Lecanium  on  oak,  Dyrehaven, 
Sealand,  Denmark,  July  12,  1907  (J.  P.  Kryger).  Coloration  of  all 
the  above  specimens  including  the  types  has  been  modified  to  some 
extent  by  long  immersion  in  alcohol,  the  face  and  cheeks  especially 
having'  been  discolored  so  as  to  resemble  the  front  with  a  slight 
pinkish  tinge.  Also  one  female,  one  male  on  "minutien  nadcln"  with- 
out data,  determined  by  Mayr  as  A.  punctipes,  the  female  having  a 
narrow  cross  band  of  white  on  the  orange-colored  or  upper  part  of 
face;  and  seven  females,  seventeen  males  reared  from  Lecanium 
fuscum  (Gmelin)  on  oak,  England,  June,  1890  (J.  W.  Douglas),  the 
females  having  the  mesoscutum  behind  the  transverse  lines  and  the 
scutellum  more  dusky  than  usually. 

Type.—C&i.  No.  18371,  U.S.N.M. 

15.  APHYCUS  LOUNSBURYI  Howard. 

Fig.  24. 
Aphycus  lounsburyi  HOWARD,  U.S.Nat.Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  pp.  241,  244. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  apparently  (being  much  shrunken  in 
co types)  nearly  three  times  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in  an  acute-angled 
triangle,  the  posterior  pah"  close  to  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes 
broad  and  shallow;  eyes  nearly  nonpubescent.  Antennal  scape 
about  one-third  as  wide  as  long,  widest  just  beyond  the  middle; 
pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined;  first  four 
funicle  joints  of  nearly  equal  length,  wider  than  long  and  hardly 
increasing  in* width,  last  two  joints- considerably  longer  and  wider, 
the  sixth  a  trifle  longer  than  the  fifth,  both  a  little  wider  than  long; 
club  oval,  rounded  at  apex,  about  one-third  wider  than  the  preceding 
joint  and  a  little  longer  than  the  last  four  funicle  joints  combined. 
Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  the  oblique  hairless  streak  but  little 
wider  below,  interrupted,  the  cut-off  portion  separated  from  the 
basal  hairless  streak  on  the  posterior  margin  of  wing.  Length: 
0.7  mm. 

Front  and  vertex  bright  orange  yellow;  face,  cheeks,  and  under 
parts  pale  yellowish;  mesonotum  dusky  orange  yellow;  concealed 
part  of  the  occiput  and  the  pronotum,  the  metanotum,  propodeum, 
and  dorsum  of  abdomen  brown;  collar  of  pronotum  and  tegulae 
sordid  whitish,  the  former  with  a  minute,  blackish  dot  on  each  corner, 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.  611 

the  latter  with  the  posterior  margin  pale  brown.  Antennal  scape 
black  with  a  very  narrow  line  on  upper  margin,  the  apex  and  a  broad 
band  on  the  basal  third  of  the  lower  margin  white;  base  of  pedicel, 
first  four  funicle  joints  and  club  black;  apical  two-thirds  of  pedicel, 
last  two  funicle  joints  and  sometimes  the  underside  of  the  third  and 
fourth  joints  white.  Legs  pale  yellowish;  middle  tibiae  with  a 
pair  of  distinct,  brown  dots  near  base,  another  pan-  at  the  middle, 
and  a  narrow,  brown  annulus  at  the  apex;  hind  tibiae  similar,  but 
the  markings  fainter;  front  tibiae  with  the  apical  annulus  faint  and 
the  two  pair  of  dots  replaced  by  a  large  but  faint  brownish  blotch 
on  the  anterior  or  upper  surface;  last  joint  of  the  tarsi  faintly  black- 
ish. Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

Redescribed  from  three  females  (cotypes)  in  poor  condition, 
reared  f rom  Saissetia  oleae  (Bernard),  Cape  Town,  South  Africa  (C.  P. 
Lounsbury).  The  fourth  cotype  has  been  lost  by  dropping  from  the 
card  point. 

The  following  material  also  examined:  Seven  females,  one  male 
reared  from  the  same  host,  Cape  Colony,  South  Africa  (C.  P.  Louns- 
bury), and  two  females  from  the  same  host  and  locality  (through 
H.  S.  Smith),  California  State  Insectary  No.  655cp. 

The  females  differ  from  the  types  as  follows:  Front  and  vertex 
varying  from  twice. to  nearly  two  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  wide; 
ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle  or  nearly  so,  but  in  three  specimens  in 
a  more  or  less  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  one- 
fourth  their  own  diameter  from  eye  margin.  Ovipositor  protruded 
about  one-tenth  the  length  of  abdomen.  Length:  1.4  mm. 

Coloration  nearly  as  hi  types  but  the  front,  vertex,  and  mesonotum 
uniformly  dark  orange  yellow,  but  the  dark  parts  nearly  black  instead 
of  brown;  dorsum  of  abdomen  with  the  lateral  margins  narrowly 
whitish  posterior  to  the  vibrissae  half  way  to  the  apex,  and  the 
anterior  corners  of  the  basal  tergites  invaded  by  the  whitish  of  the 
venter;  tibial  bands  and  dots  heavier  and  blackish  and  with  an  ad- 
ditional dot  at  the  knee  joint. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  a  little  less  than  twice  as  long  as  wide; 
ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle.  Antennal  scape  narrower  than  in 
the  female  and  the  club  smaller  or  no  longer  than  the  last  three 
funicle  joints  combined.  Wings  as  in  the  female,  but  the  cut-off 
portion  of  the  oblique  hairless  streak  larger  and  connecting  with  a 
branch  of  the  basal  hairless  streak  on  the  posterior  border  of  wing. 
Length:  1.3  mm. 

Coloration  as  in  the  female,  except  that  the  front  and  vertex  are 
bright  sulphur  yellow,  with  the  face  and  cheeks  but  slightly  paler; 
marginal  pale  streak  on  abdomen  wider  and  more  yellowish  with  a 
narrow,  more  brownish  extension  reaching  the  apex.  Antenna  as  in 


612  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

the  female,  except  that  the  dark  parts  of  the  flagellum  are  brown 
instead  of  black. 

Type.— Cut.  No.  5042,  U.S.N.M. 

16.  APHYCUS  PUNCTIPES  (Dalman). 

Encyrtus  punctipes  DALMAN,  Svensk.  Vet.-Akad.  Handl.,  vol.  41,  1820,  p.  154, 

pi.  8,  fig.  60. 

Aphycus  punctipes  MAYR,  Verb,  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  vol.  25,  1876,  pp.  696,697. 
Microterys  punctipes  THOMSON,  Hym.  Skand.,  vol.  4,  1876,  p.  168. 

No  authentic  specimens  of  this  species  have  been  studied,  and  its 
position  in  the  synoptic  table  was  determined  solely  from  the  de- 
scriptions of  Dalman  and  Mayr.  Under  this  name,  however,  in  the 
United  States  National  Museum  were  found  four  distinct  species, 
three  from  Europe  determined  by  Walker  and  Mayr.  Two  of  these 
are  described  in  this  paper  as  new  under  the  names  of  melanostomatus 
and  Twyri.  The  third  species,  also  apparently  is  not  punctipes 
(Dalman),  and  is  closely  related  to  lichtensiae  Howard  from  Ceylon. 
The  fourth  species  under  this  name  was  determined  by  Ashmead,  and 
the  single  specimen  from  South  Kirtland,  Ohio,  has  been  made  a 
paratype  of  rileyi,  new  species.  It  is  needless  to  add  that  Ashmead' s 
record  of  punctipes  from  North  America  is  unreliable. 

.       17.  APHYCUS  ALBOPLEURALIS  Ashmead. 

Fig.  22. 
Aphycus  albopleuralis  ASHMEAD,  Journ.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc.,  vol.  12,  1904,  p.  155. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  one  and  one-half  times  longer  than 
wide;  ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  one- 
fourth  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin ;  eyes  nearly  smooth, 
but  the  front  and  vertex  with  a  sparse  pubescence.  Antennal  scape 
nearly  one-half  as  wide  as  long,  widest  across  the  middle;  pedicel  as 
long  as  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined;  funicle  joints  of  nearly 
equal  length,  the  last  two  slightly  longer,  all  wider  than  long  and 
increasing  in  width  so  that  the  sixth  is  twice  as  wide  as  the  first; 
club  broadly  oval,  subtruncate  at  apex,  about  one-fourth  wider  than 
preceding  joint  and  nearly  as  long  as  the  last  four  joints  of  funicle 
combined.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  narrow 
throughout,  interrupted  below,  the  cut-off  portion  small  and  con- 
necting with  a  branch  of  the  basal  streak,  the  latter  extends  forward 
on  posterior  margin  to  point  opposite  the  stigmal  vein.  Length: 
1.5  to  1.6  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  mesonotum,  mentanotum,  and  propodeum  bright 
orange  yellow;  face,  cheeks,  occiput,  and  underparts  pale  yellowish 
white;  a  blackish  oval  spot  on  the  concealed  part  of  the  pronotum; 
collar  of  pronotum  and  tegulae  whitish,  the  former  with  a  minute, 
pale  brownish  dot  on  each  corner j  dorsum  of  abdomen  brown  at  the 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS— TTMBERLAKE.          613 

center  and  base,  the  margins  posterior  to  the  vibrissae  broadly  yellow 
and  anterior  to  the  vibrissae  more  yellowish  brown.  Antennal  scape 
black,  with  base,  apex  and  a  narrow  line  on  dorsal  margin  white; 
base  of  pedicel,  first  four  funicle  joints,  and  club  brown,  the  funicle 
joints  paler  on  the  upper  side,  especially 'the  third  and  fourth;  rest  of 
antenna  yellowish  white.  Legs  pale  yellowish  white  with  the  last 
joint  of  the  tarsi  brown.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

Male. — Not  known. 

Redescribed  from  four  females  (two  of  them  cotypes)  from  Gifu, 
Japan  (Y.  Nawa). 

Ty2)e.—C<dt.  No.  7176,  U.S.N.M. 

18.  APHYCUS  KINGI,  new  species. 
Fig.  5. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  nearly  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in 
an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  one-half  their  own 
diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  broad  and  shallow, 
the  facial  prominence  but  slightly  elevated;  eyes  nearly  bare.  An- 
tennal scape  about  one-half  as  wide  as  long,  widest  across  the  middle; 
pedicel  only  a  little  longer  than  the  first  two  funicle  joints  combined; 
first  four  funicle  joints  subequal  in  length,  the  last  two  longer,  the 
first  three  hardly  wider  than  long,  the  next  three  increasing  in  width 
so  that  the  sixth  is  about  twice  as  wide  as  the  first;  club  oval,  sub- 
truncate  at  apex,  nearly  a  third  wider  again  than  the  preceding  joint 
and  as  long  as  the  last  three  funicle  joints  combined.  Wings  nearly 
uniformly  ciliated  but  a  triangular  area  beneath  the  lower  third  of 
the  oblique  hairless  streak  with  the  cilia  less  dense;  oblique  hairless 
streak  extends  uninterrupted  from  the  stigmal  vein  to  the  posterior 
margin  of  wing.  Length:  1.0  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  upper  rim  of  occiput,  and  mesonotum  orange  yellow; 
face,  cheeks,  sides  of  occiput,  and  entire  underparts  sordid  yellowish 
white,  with  the  venter  of  abdomen  more  dusky;  concealed  part  of 
occiput  and  pronotum,  the  metanotum,  propodeum  and  dorsum  of 
abdomen  uniformly  blackish  brown;  collar  of  pronotum  and  tegulse 
yellowish  white,  the  former  with  a  small  brownish  dot  on  each  corner, 
and  the  posterior  third  of  the  latter  pale  brown.  Antennal  scape 
black  with  the  extreme  base,  apex,  and  a  very  narrow  line  on  the 
upper  margin  yellowish  white;  pedicel,  except  the  dorsal,  apical  mar- 
gin, the  first  two  funicle  joints,  and  a  part  of  the  third,  and  club 
blackish  brown;  rest  of  antenna  yellowish  white.  Legs  uniformly 
yellowish  white  with  the  last  joint  of  the  tarsi  blackish.  Wings 
hyaline,  the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

Male. — Not  known. 


614  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

Described  from  three  females  (type  and  paratypes  a  and  Z>)  reared 
from  Pulvinaria  species,  Lawrence,  Massachusetts,  1889  (Geo.  B. 
King),  Insectary  No.  1844°. 

Type.—C&t.  No.  18372,  U.S.N.M. 

19.  APHYCUS  MAYRI,  new  species. 
Fig.  17. 

Encyrtus  punctipes,  var.  /3,  DALMAN,  Svensk.  Vet.-Akad.  HandL,  vol.  41,  1820, 

p.  371. 
Encyrtus  hedaraceus  WALKER  (not  Westwood),  Ent.  Mag.,  vol.  5,  1838,  p.  107. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  one  and  three-fourths  times 
as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair 
one-half  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes 
shallow;  front,  vertex,  and  eyes  with  a  sparse,  fine  pubescence. 
Antennae  and  wings  very  nearly  as  in  A.  albopleuralis  Ashmead,  but 
the  club  is  proportionately  a  little  wider,  and  the  basal  hairless 
streak  on  posterior  margin  of  wing  extends  but  a  short  distance  be- 
yond the  end  of  the  oblique  hairless  streak.  Length:  1.0  to  1.2  mm. 

Front  and  vertex  orange  yellow,  the  mesonotum  clay  yellow; 
face,  cheeks,  and  occiput  colored  nearly  like  the  front  and  vertex  but 
more  pinkish  (apparently  discolored  by  immersion  in  alcohol,  in 
life  probably  paler  yellow);  underparts  pale  yellow;  concealed  part 
of  pronotum,  the  metanotum,  propodeum,  and  dorsum  of  abdomen 
brownish  black,  the  latter  narrowly  margined  with  yellowish-white 
posterior  to  the  vibrissae;  collar  of  pronotum  and  tegulae  whitish 
with  the  usual  pale  brown  markings.  Antennal  scape  black  with 
base,  apex,  and  line  on  the  dorsal  margin  whitish;  base  of  pedicel 
black,  apical  half  yellowish  white;  first  two  funicle  joints  and  club 
black,  third  funicle  joint  brown,  and  the  last  three  yellowish  white. 
Legs  concolorous  with  the  underparts,  unmarked  except  that  the 
middle  and  hind  tibiae  have  a  brown  dot  at  the  knee  joint,  and  the 
last  joint  of  the  tarsi  blackish,  wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  brownish. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  but  little  longer  than  wide;  ocelli  in  a 
right-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pah-  about  one-fourth  their -own 
diameter  from  the  eye  margin.  Antennae  nearly  as  in  the  female, 
the  principal  difference  being  that  the  scape  is  only  about  one-third 
as  wide  as  long.  Length:  0.8  to  1.1  mm. 

Front  orange  yellow,  the  vertex  blackish  across  the  posterior 
ocelli;  face,  cheeks,  and  sides  of  the  mesoscutum  pale  yellowish,  a 
vertical  brown  band  on  cheeks  descending  nearly  to  the  mandibles; 
most  of  the  occiput,  concealed  part  of  the  pronotum,  the  mesonotum 
except  the  sides  of  mesoscutum,  and  the  rest  of  the  upper  parts 
brownish  black,  the  dorsum  of  abdomen  having  a  wide  yellow  margin 
posterior  to  the  vibrissae;  collar  of  pronotum  and  tegulae  whitish 
marked  with  pale  brown  in  the  usual  manner.  Antennae  brown,  the 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TlMBERLAKE.          615 

scape  with,  a  longitudinal,  more  blackish  stripe  through  middle  of  the 
outer  surface,  the  base  and  the  dorsal,  inner  margin  yellowish  white, 
the  pedicel  becoming  yellowish  white  on  upper  side  at  apex.  Legs  as 
in  the  female  except  that  the  tibiae  have  a  faint  dusky  shading  on 
their  outer  surface.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  brownish. 

Described  from  nineteen  females,  seven  males  (type,  allotype,  and 
paratypes  a  to  x)  reared  from  Lecanium  coryli  (Linnaeus),  Dyrehaven, 
Sealand,  Denmark,  June,  1906  (J.  P.  Kryger).  The  following  meta- 
types  also  examined:  Four  females  swept  from  grass,  Gentofte, 
July  13,  1905;  six  females,  five  males  reared  from  a  Lecanium  on 
linden,  Dyrehaven,  June  16,  1906;  and  two  females,  one  male  reared 
from  the  same  host,  Ermelunden,  June,  1906,  all  localities  in  Sea- 
land,  Denmark  (J.  P.  Kryger).  Also  one  female,  one  male  badly 
broken,  labeled  "Germany"  and  determined  by  Mayr  as  A.  punctipes. 

The  synonymy  given  above  can  be  verified  only  by  the  examina- 
tion of  material  in  the  European  collections,  but  is  presumably  cor- 
rect. Walker's  description  of  Jiederaceus  ^ agrees  fairly  well  with  the 
male  of  this  species. 

Type.—C&i.  No.  18373,  U.S.N.M. 

20.  APHYCUS  LICHTENSIAE  Howard. 

Figs.  14,  41. 
Aphycus  lichtensiae  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  18,  1896,  p.  640. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  three  times  as  long  as  wide; 
ocelli  in  a  very  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  close  to 
eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  shallow  and  broad;  front  and  vertex 
thickly  pubescent,  the  eyes  with  a  short,  sparse  pile.  Antennal 
scape  about  one-third  as  wide  as  long,  widest  just  beyond  the  middle; 
pedicel  a  trifle  longer  than  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined; 
first  four  funicle  joints  of  nearly  equal  length,  the  fifth  about  twice 
as  long,  the  sixth  somewhat  shorter  than  the  fifth,  all  wider  than 
long  except  the  fifth  and  increasing  gradually  in  width  distad;  club 
oval,  rounded  at  apex,  about  one-third  wider  than  the  preceding 
joint  and  as  long  as  the  last  four  joints  of  funicle  combined.  Wings 
uniformly  and  densely  ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  narrowed 
above  and  not  nearly  reaching  the  stigmal  vein,  interrupted  below 
with  the  cut-off  portion  widely  separated  from  the  posterior  margin 
of  wing.  Length:  1.2  mm. 

Front  and  vertex  bright  orange  yellow;  face  and  cheeks  pale  rose 
color  (this  coloration  undoubtedly  due  to  immersion  in  alcohol  at 
some  former  time,  the  original  color  probably  some  shade  of  yellow, 
paler  than  vertex  or  no  turn),  a  narrow  streak  of  blackish  brown  on 
lower  corners  of  cheeks  continued  across  the  oral  margin  of  face; 
mesonotum  pale  orange  yellow  with  a  transverse  blackish  brown  line 
on  each  side  of  the  base  of  the  scutum;  concealed  part  of  occiput 


616  PROCEEDINGS  OP  THE  XATIOXAL  MVSEVlf.  VOL.  50. 

and  pronotum,  the  posterior  half  of  metanotum,  propodeum,  and 
dorsum  of  abdomen  blackish  brown,  the  margins  of  the  latter  behind 
the  vibrissae  sordid  creamy  white;  collar  of  pronotum,  tegulae,  and 
entire  under  parts  sordid  whitish,  the  collar  with  a  blackish  brown 
dot  on  each  corner,  and  the  tegulae  with  a  pale  brown  spot  on  the 
middle  of  the  posterior  margin;  metascutum  orange  brown,  and  a 
narrow  line  on  the  anterior  margin  of  the  metapostnotum  whitish. 
Antennal  scape  blackish  brown,  the  inner  surface  with  a  narrow, 
yellowish  white  line  on  the  dorsal  margin  including  base  and  apex 
and  nearly  interrupted  just  beyond  the  middle,  outer  surface  the 
same  but  the  apex  more  broadly  yellowish  white  and  a  streak  of 
the  same  color  on  the  lower  margin  near  base;  base  of  pedicel  and 
club  blackish  brown;  first  four  funicle  joints  brownish,  last  two  and 
apex  of  pedicel  yellowish  white.  Legs  pale  yellowish,  all  tibiae  with 
three  blackish  brown,  rather  broad  annuli,  the  third  band  at  apex 
and  on  the  hind  pan-  reduced  to  a  spot  on  the  outer  surface,  the 
middle  and  hind  tibiae  with  an  additional  dot  on  outer  surface 
at  the  knee  joint;  last  joint  of  the  tarsi  blackish.  Wings  hyaline, 
but  the  dense  ciliation  imparts  a  slight  duskiness;  the  veins  pale 
yellowish. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  two  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  wide; 
ocelli  in  an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  nearly  touching 
the  eye  margin.  Antennal  scape  about  four  times  as  long  as  wide, 
widest  across  the  middle,  the  lower  margin  slightly  rounded;  pedicel 
a  little  shorter  than  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined;  first  four 
funicle  joints  of  equal  length  and  increasing  slightly  in  width,  last 
two  somewhat  longer  and  wider,  all  noticeably  wider  than  long 
except  the  first;  club  oval  and  rather  pointed  at  apex,  hardly  wider 
than  the  last  funicle  joint  and  about  as  long  as  the  last  four  preceding 
joints  combined.  Length:  1.1  mm. 

Coloration  similar  to  that  of  the  female,  but  the  posterior  half  of 
vertex  brown  and  the  mesonotum  dusky  in  the  middle,  sometimes 
almost  the  entire  scutelluni  and  the  scutum  behind  the  transverse 
lines  dusky,  the  lateral  streaks  on  the  dorsum  of  the  abdomen  shorter 
and  more  yellowish.  Antennae  paler,  the  scape  yellowish,  with  the 
dorsal  and  ventral  margins  narrowly  brown;  base  of  pedicel  and  club 
brown;  first  five  funicle  joints  pale  brown,  becoming  pale  distad,  the 
sixth  joint  and  apical  half  of  pedicel  yellowish. 

Redescribed  from  five  females,  three  males  (co types),  reared  from 
Lichtensia  species,  Punduloya,  Ceylon  (E.  E.  Green),  Insectary  No. 
690901. 

Type.— Cat.  No.  3259,  U.S.N.M. 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCU8—TIMBERLAKE.          617 
21.  APHYCUS  RUSTI,  new  species. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in 
an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  one-half  their  own 
diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  eyes  almost  without  pubescence. 
Antennal  scape  about  one-third  as  wide  as  long,  widest  across  the 
middle;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined; 
funicle  joints  all  wider  than  long,  increasing  gradually  in  width  so 
that  the  sixth  is  about  twice  as  wide  as  the  first,  the  first  four  of  equal 
length,  the  last  two  about  one-fourth  longer  than  the  preceding; 
club  oval,  obtusely  rounded  at  apex,  about  one-fourth  wider  than 
the  preceding  joint  and  as  long  as  the  last  four  funicle  joints  com- 
bined. Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  widened 
below  and  extending  nearly  to  the  posterior  margin  of  disk,  with  a 
barely  cut-off  portion  connecting  with  a  branch  of  the  basal  hairless 
streak.  Ovipositor  protruded  slightly,  or  about  one-tenth  the  length 
of  abdomen.  Length,  1.2  to  1.3  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  and  mesonotum  rather  deep  orange  yellow;  rest  of 
the  head  and  body  nearly  uniformly  pale  sulphur  yellow;  concealed 
part  of  the  pronotum  hardly  with  a  trace  of  blackish  in  type,  but 
with  a  blackish  band  in  the  three  paratypes;  dorsum  of  abdomen  with 
a  basal,  inconspicuous  pale  brownish  cross  band.  Antennal  scape 
black  with  base,  apex,  and  line  on  dorsal  margin  yellowish  white; 
pedicel  brown  with  the  lower  side  except  at  base  whitish;  first  four 
funicle  joints  brown,  the  last  two  yellowish  white;  club  blackish 
brown.  Legs  uniformly  pale  yellowish,  with  the  last  joint  of  the 
tarsi  tipped  with  blackish.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  somewhat  less  than  twice  as  long  as  wide; 
ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  one- third 
their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin.  Antenna  much  as  in  female, 
but  scape  narrower,  varying  from  a  little  less  than  one-third  to  one- 
fourth  as  wide  as  long;  pedicel  a  little  shorter,  about  equal  to  the 
first  two  funicle  joints  and  one-half  of  the  third  combined;  club 
smaller,  tapering  from  the  base  to  the  rounded  apex,  no  wider  than 
the  preceding  joint  and  as  long  as  the  last  three  funicle  joints  com- 
bined. Wings  as  in  female.  Length,  0.8  to  1.2  mm. 

Coloration  nearly  as  in  the  female,  the  concealed  part  of  the 
pronotum  blackish  and  the  dorsum  of  abdomen  nearly  uniformly  pale 
yellow.  Antennal  scape  colored  as  in  female,  but  the  flagellum 
nearly  uniformly  pale  brownish,  the  underside  of  the  pedicel  paler 
or  yellowish.  Legs  and  wings  as  in  the  female. 

Described  from  four  females,  six  males  (type,  allotype,  and  para- 
types  a  to  Ji)  reared  from  Pulvinaria  species  on  sweet  potato,  Sullana, 
Piura,  Peru,  February  23  to  March  6,  1912  (E.  W.  Rust),  all  mounted 
in  balsam.  Received  from  Messrs.  C.  H.  T.  Townsend  and  E.  W. 


6  IS  PROCEEDINGS  OP  THE  NATIONAL  MVSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

Rust  under  their  number  35°  3h,  and  one  female  and  male  returned 
(paratypes  g  and  A). 

Type.— Cut.  No.  18374,  U.S.N.M. 

22.  APHYCUS  PULVINARIAE  Howard. 

Figs.  15,  23  43. 
Aphycus  puhinariae  HOWARD  Rep.  Ent.,  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric.,  1881,  p.  365. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  twice  to  two  and  one-fourth 
times  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in  an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior 
pair  about  one-fourth  to  one-half  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye 
margin;  antenna!  scrobes  shallow  and  rather  broad;  eyes  moderately 
to  rather  thickly  pubescent,  the  pile  very  short  and  fine.  Antennal 
scape  varying  from  somewhat  less  than  one-half  to  about  one-third  as 
wide  as  long,  widest  near  the  middle  and  usually  a  little  wider  than 
the  club;  pedicel  about  as  long  as  the  first  three  funicle  joints  com- 
bined; first  four  funicle  joints  subequal  in  length,  the  last  two 
a  little  longer,  first  three  hardly  wider  than  long,  the  succeeding 
joints  increasingly  wider,  the  sixth  about  twice  as  wide  as  the  first; 
club  oval,  bluntly  rounded  at  apex,  about  one-fourth  wider  than  the 
last  funicle  joint  and  as  long  as  the  last  four  combined.  Wings  uni- 
formly ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  narrowed  above  and  inter- 
rupted below,  the  cut-off  portion  indistinctly  connecting  with  the 
basal  hairless  streak.  Length,  0.75  to  1.1  mm. 

Front,  vertex  and  mesonotum  orange  yellow;  face,  cheeks,  upper 
rim  and  sides  of  occiput,  collar  of  pronotum,  tegulae  and  underparts 
pale  yellowish,  the  collar  with  a  blackish  brown  dot  on  each  corner, 
and  the  tegulae  with  a  pale  brown  spot  on  the  posterior  margin;  con- 
cealed part  of  the  occiput  and  pronotum,  the  metanotum,  propodeum, 
and  dorsum  of  abdomen  brown  to  blackish  brown,  the  sides  of  the 
latter  narrowly  to  broadly  pale  yellowish,  or  the  metanotum,  propo- 
deum, dorsum  of  abdomen  and  most  of  the  occiput  may  vary  to 
entirely  yellowish.  Antennal  scape  black  with  the  base  and  apex 
more  or  less  broadly  and  a  narrow  line  on  the  dorsal  margin  white; 
base  of  pedicel,  first  two  to  four  funicle  joints  and  club  black  or 
blackish  brown,  the  apex  of  club  often  paler  or  even  yellowish; 
rest  of  antenna  yellowish  white.  Legs  pale  yellowish;  tibiae  with 
two  pairs  of  dots  near  base  and  at  middle,  or  with  only  the  basal  pair, 
rarely  with  none,  the  dots  when  present  varying  from  brown  to 
blackish;  tip  of  the  last  joint  of  the  tarsi  blackish.  Wings  hyaline, 
the  veins  pale  brownish. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  about  one-half  longer  again  than  wide; 
ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle  or  nearly  so.  Antennae  much  as  in 
the  female,  but  the  scape  narrower,  hardly  expanded  in  the  middle, 
about  four  times  longer  than  wide,  and  the  club  smaller  or  about  as 
long  as  the  last  three  funicle  joints.  Length,  0.5  to  0.8  mm. 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  AP&7Ct7S—TlMBERLAKE. 

Coloration  as  in  female,  but  the  metanotum  and  dorsum  of  abdo- 
men usually  blacker  and  varying  only  in  the  width  of  the  marginal 
yellow  streak  on  the  abdomen;  tibiae  dotted  in  all  specimens  exam- 
ined but  in  some  more  faintly.  Antennae  brown,  the  scape  darker 
with  base  and  apex  pale  or  whitish,  apex  of  pedicel  yellowish,  and  the 
sixth  funicle  joint  rarely  paler. 

Redescribed  from  the  following  material:  Two  females  (co types) 
reared  from  Pulvinaria  vitis  (Linnaeus),  Davenport,  Iowa  (J.  D. 
Putnam) ;  six  females,  three  males,  Fort  Assinniboine,  Montana,  April 
25,  1890  (H.  G.  Hubbard);  six  females,  two  males,  reared  from 
Pulvinaria  on  plum,  Florence,  South  Carolina,  or  Fayetteville,  North 
Carolina  (notes  not  indicating  which  place),  May  21-26,  1894,  Insec- 
tary  No.  6222°;  one  female,  four  males,  reared  from  Lecanium  on 
wild  goose  plum,  Charlottesville,  Virginia,  May  16-20,  1890  (C.  H. 
Hedges) ;  six  females,  one  male,  reared  from  Lecanium  flelcheri  Cock- 
erell,  Ottawa,  Canada,  June  25,  1895  and  1896  (James  Fletcher);  one 
female,  one  male,  reared  from  Lecanium  on  plum,  Wooster,  Ohio, 
June  22,  1895  (F.  M.  Webster);  three  females,  Jacksonville,  Florida 
(W.  H.  Ashmead),  two  of  them  erroneously  labeled  as  types  of 
ApJiycus  annulipes  (Ashmead),  Cat.  No.  4751,  U.S.N.M.,  the  third 
labeled  cotype;  nine  females,  five  males,  reared  from  Lecanium  on 
Japanese  persimmon,  Millheim,  Texas,  April  24-28,  1896  (J.  H. 
Krancher);  three  females  reared  from  Pulvinaria  acericola  (Walsh 
and  Riley),  Mount  Alto,  Pennsylvania,  July  1,  1913  (F.  L.  Simanton) ; 
three  females  reared  from  the  same  host,  Agricultural  College,  Missis- 
sippi (G.  W.  Herrick) ;  two  females  reared  from  Pulvinaria  species, 
Lawrence,  Massachusetts,  1889  (Geo.  B.  King);  four  females,  one 
male,  reared  from  Lecanium  cerasifex  Fitch,  College  Station,  Texas 
(C.  E.  Sanborn);  one  female,  Myrtle,  Georgia,  May,  1906  (A.  A. 
Girault) ;  one  male  reared  from  Lecanium  species,  St.  Anthonys  Park, 
Minnesota  (F.  L.  Washburn) ;  four  females,  one  male,  reared  from 
Lecanium  corni  Bouche  on  ash,  Guelph,  Ontario,  June  9,  1907  (T.  D. 
Jarvis) ;  five  females  reared  from  Lecanium  on  sycamore,  Columbus, 
Ohio,  June  2,  1905  (E.  C.  Colton);  five  females,  three  males,  reared 
from  Lecanium  corni  Bouche*  and  a  Pulvinaria  on  willow,  Columbus, 
Ohio,  May  20,  1906  (R.  W.  Harned);  one  female,  one  male,  Salem, 
Ohio ;  two  females,  one  male,  reared  from  Lecanium  cerasifex  Fitch, 
Columbus,  Kansas,  May  11,  1903  (W.  J.  Moore);  and  three  males 
reared  from  Pulvinaria  vitis  (Linnaeus)  on  box  elder,  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  August  3-10,  1913  (P.  H.  Timberlake).  The  third  cotype  has 
apparently  been  lost. 

Type.— Cut.  No.  2611,  U.S.N.M. 


620  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

23.  APHYCUS  CLAVIGER,  new  species. 
Figs.  25,  44. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  a  little  over  twice  as  long  as  wide; 
ocelli  in  an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  one-fourth 
their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  eyes  with  a  fine,  short 
pubescence.  Antennal  scape  about  two  and  one-half  times  longer 
than  wide,  widest  just  beyond  the  middle  and  a  little  narrower  than 
the  club;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined; 
funicle  joints  two  to  five  of  equal  length,  the  first  a  trifle  longer  and 
the  sixth  but  little  longer  than  the  first,  all  increasing  gradually  in 
width  so  that  the  sixth  is  nearly  twice  as  wide  as  the  first,  and  all 
but  the  first  wider  than  long;  club  oval,  rounded  at  apex,  nearly 
twice  as  wide  as  the  last  funicle  joint  and  a  little  longer  than  the 
five  preceding  joints  combined.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  oblique 
hairless  streak  narrowed  above  and  almost  obliterated  on  the  lower 
half,  the  cut-off  portion  being  very  small  and  widely  separated  both 
from  the  upper  portion  and  from  the  posterior  margin  of  wing. 
Length,  0.8  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  and  mesonotum  orange  yellow;  face,  cheeks,  and 
entire  underparts  sordid  pale  yellowish;  collar  of  pronotum  and  tegu- 
lae  whitish,  the  former  with  the  blackish  dot  on  each  corner  connect- 
ing with  the  blackish  coloration  on  the  concealed  part  of  the  prono- 
tum, the  tegulae  unmarked;  concealed  part  of  occiput  and  pronotum 
blackish  brown;  metanotum,  propodeum,  and  dorsum  of  abdomen 
brown,  the  latter  with  the  lateral  margins  yellowish,  especially  behind 
the  vibrissae.  Antennal  scape  black  with  the  base  and  apex  yellow- 
ish white;  basal  half  of  pedicel  black,  the  apex  orange  yellow;  first 
three  funicle  joints  blackish  brown,  the  last  three  orange  yellow;  club 
black,  shading  into  orange  yellow  on  the  apical  half.  Legs  pale 
yellowish,  with  the  last  joint  of  the  tarsi  brownish.  Wings  hyaline, 
the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  about  one-half  longer  again  than  wide; 
ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  one-fourth 
then1  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin.  Antennal  scape  hardly 
expanded  below,  about  three  times  as  long  as  wide;  pedicel  as  long 
as  the  first  four  funicle  joints  combined;  first  five  funicle  joints  sub- 
equal  in  length,  the  sixth  considerably  longer,  all  increasing  slightly 
in  width  so  that  the  sixth  is  about  one-third  wider  again  than  the 
first  and  all  wider  than  long;  club  oval,  rather  pointed  at  apex, 
about  one-third  wider  than  the  preceding  joint  and  nearly  as  long  as 
the  funicle.  Wings  have  the  oblique  hairless  streak  more  prominent 
than  in  the  female,  the  cut-off  portion  being  of  usual  size  but  not 
reaching  the  posterior  margin  of  wing.  Length,  0.7  mm. 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APIIYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          621 

Front  orange  yellow  shading  into  brownish  black  on  vertex;  occi- 
put, most  of  cheeks,  and  entire  upper  parts  of  thorax  and  abdomen, 
including  the  pronotal  collar,  brownish  black;  face  and  underparts 
sordid  yellowish;  tegulae  yellowish  at  base  and  blackish  brown  on 
the  posterior  half.  Antennal  scape  pale  yellowish,  with  the  dorsal 
and  ventral  margins  except  at  base  pale  brown;  pedicel  brown,  with 
the  apex  yellowish;  funicle  and  club  uniformly  brown.  Legs  and 
wings  as  in  the  female. 

Described  from  two  females,  one  male  (type,  allotype,  and  para- 
type),  Auckland,  New  Zealand.  This  species  is  most  closely  related 
to  alberti  Howard. 

Type.—C&t.  No.  18375,  U.S.N.M. 

24.  APHYCUS  MACU1IPES  Howard. 
Fig.  16. 

Aphycus  maculipcs  HOWARD,  Bull.  No.  5,  old  ser.,  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric.,  Bur.  Ent., 

1885,  p.  18. 
Aphycus  flaviceps  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  21, 1898,  pp.  241,  246. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  two  and  one-half  times  longer 
than  wide;  ocelli  in  an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about 
one-half  to  nearly  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal 
scrobes  rather  deep  and  the  facial  prominence  well  developed;  front 
and  vertex  with  rather  abundant  long  pile,  the  eyes  sparsely  to 
thickly  pubescent,  the  pile  very  short  and  fine.  Antennal  scape 
nearly  one-half  as  wide  as  long,  widest  across  the  middle;  pedicel  as 
long  as  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined;  first  four  funicle  joints 
of  nearly  equal  length,  the  fifth  one-third  longer  and  the  sixth  a 
little  shorter  than  the  fifth,  the  first  three  about  as  long  as  wide,  the 
fourth  and  sixth  wider  than  long,  the  fifth  longer  than  wide,  the  last 
not  quite  twice  as  wide  as  the  first;  club  oval,  rounded  at  apex, 
somewhat  wider  than  the  last  funicle  joint  and  a  little  longer  than 
the  last  three  combined.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  oblique  hairless 
streak  narrowed  above  and  interrupted  below,  the  cut-off  portion 
small,  round,  and  connecting  with  a  branch  of  the  basal  hairless 
streak  which  extends  forward  on  the  posterior  margin  of  wing  to  the 
angulation  opposite  the  stigmal  vein.  Length,  0.9  to  1.4  mm. 

Front,  vertex  and  mesonotum  bright  orange  yellow;  face,  cheeks 
and  occiput  sulphur  yellow,  the  center  of  occiput  dusky;  underparts 
entirely  pale  straw  yellow;  collar  of  pronotum  and  tegulae  sordid 
white,  the  former  with  a  black  dot  on  each  corner  and  the  latter  with 
a  brown  spot  on  the  posterior  margin ;  concealed  part  of  the  pronotum, 
most  of  the  metapostnotum,  the  propodeum  and  dorsum  of  abdomen 
blackish  brown,  the  lateral  margin  of  the  latter  paler  and  changing  to 
a  straw  yellow  streak  behind  the  vibrissae;  almost  the  entire  metascu- 
tum  and  the  anterior  margin  of  the  metapostnotum  sulphur  yellow; 


622  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

in  one  specimen,  however,  the  metanotum,  propodeum  and  dorsum  of 
abdomen  are  almost  entirely  yellowish  with  but  a  slight  trace  of 
brown.  Antennal  scape  black  with  apex,  base  and  a  narrow  line  on 
inner  surface  of  dorsal  margin  white;  pedicel  blackish  brown  whitish 
only  on  upper,  apical  corner;  first  two  funicle  joints,  most  of  the  third 
and  a  part  of  the  fourth  blackish  brown,  the  dark  coloration  gradually 
fading  to  the  yellowish  white  of  the  last  two  joints;  club  black.  Legs 
pale  yellowish,  the  tarsi  more  brownish  yellow  with  the  tip  of  the  last 
joint  blackish;  tibiae  with  two  pair  of  brown  dots  and  an  additional 
dot  at  the  knee  joint,  most  distinct  on  the  middle  legs  and  nearly 
obsolete  on  the  front  pair.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

Male. — Structure  of  head  and  wings  as  in  female,  but  the  ocelli 
being  larger  the  posterior  pair  come  closer  to  the  eye  margin.  Anten- 
nal scape  about  one-fourth  as  wide  as  long;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first 
two  and  one-half  of  the  third  funicle  joint;  first  four  funicle  joints  of 
equal  length,  the  last  two  subequal  and  a  little  longer  than  the  pre- 
ceding, first  three  hardly  wider  than  long,  the  last  three  more  dis- 
tinctly transverse,  the  sixth  about  twice  as  wide  as  the  first;  club 
oval,  obtusely  rounded  at  apex,  hardly  wider  than  the  preceding  joint 
and  as  long  as  the  last  three  funicle  joints  combined.  Length,  0.8  to 
1.1  mm. 

Coloration  nearly  as  in  female,  but  the  front  sulphur  yellow  instead 
of  orange;  band  on  occiput  above  the  neck  blackish;  pale  streak  on 
sides  of  abdomen  a  little  wider,  deeper  yellow  and  more  distinctly 
enclosing  the  vibrissal  plate.  Antennal  scape  with  the  white  more 
extensive,  leaving  an  oval  black  spot  on  the  expanded  portion;  pedicel 
funicle  and  club  nearly  uniformly  brown,  the  apex  of  pedicel  whitish 
and  the  last  two  funicle  joints  slightly  paler.  Wings  and  legs  as  in 
the  female,  but  the  tibial  dots  are  paler. 

Redescribed  from  the  following  material:  Two  females,  one  male 
(cotypes,  the  second  male  type  apparently  lost),  reared  from  Lecanium 
species  onQuercus  aquatica,  Bluffton,  South  Carolina,  May  7, 1883  (Dr. 
J.  H.  Mellichamp) ;  three  males  (cotypes  of  A.  flaviceps  Howard, 
U.S.N.M.,  Cat.  No.  5049,  two  of  them  badly  broken),  reared  from  a 
Lecanium  species,  Champaign,  Illinois  (W.  G.  Johnson);  one  female 
reared  from  Coccus  Jiesperidum  Linnaeus,  Nuevo  Laredo,  Mexico, 
January  4, 1895,  Insectary  No.  2326°  and  another  female  without  data 
but  probably  reared  with  the  preceding. 

Type.—Ca,t.  No.  2644,U.S.N.M. 

25.  APHYCUS  CALIFORNICUS  Howard. 

Fig.  21. 
Aphycus  californicus  HOWARD,  Proc.U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  pp.  241,  246. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in  an 
acute-angled  triangle,  the  lateral  pair  about  one-fourth  their  own  diam- 
eter from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  broad  and  shallow,  eyes 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.  623 

with  a  moderately  thick  but  fine,  short  pubescence.  Antenna!- scape 
about  two  and  one-fourth  times  longer  than  wide,  widest  across  the 
middle;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  four  funicle  joints  combined;  first 
four  funicle  joints  subequal  in  length  and  wider  than  long,  the  last 
two  considerably  longer,  the  fifth  nearly  twice  as  long  as  the  preceding, 
all  joints  gradually  increasing  in  width  so  that  the  sixth  is  nearly 
twice  as  wide  as  the  first;  club  oval,  obliquely  rounded  at  apex,  one- 
third  wider  than  the  preceding  joint  and  about  as  long  as  the  last 
five  funicle  joints  combined.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  oblique 
hairless  streak  narrowed  above  and  interrupted  below,  the  cut-off 
portion  more  or  less  connecting  with  a  branch  of  the  basal  hairless 
streak.  Length:  0.7  to  0.9  mm. 

Front,  vertex  and  mesonotum  orange  yellow;  face  and  cheeks  paler 
yellow,  the  latter  with  a  large  blackish  brown  blotch  next  to  the 
mandibles  and  connecting  with  the  dark  coloration  of  the  occiput ; 
tegulae  and  underparts  sordid  yellowish  white,  the  former  with  a 
brown  spot  on  the  posterior  margin  and  the  venter  of  abdomen  dusky 
in  the  middle;  collar  of  pronotum  whitish  with  a  blackish  brown  dot 
on  each  corner;  concealed  part  of  occiput  and  pronotum,  the  metano- 
tum,  propodeum  and  dorsum  of  abdomen  blackish  brown,  the  latter 
fading  to  yellowish  white  on  the  sides  behind  the  vibrissae.  Antennal 
scape  black  with  base,  apex  and  a  narrow  line  on  dorsal  margin  yellow- 
ish white;  base  of  pedicel,  first  three  or  four  funicle  joints  and  club 
blackish;  rest  of  antenna  yellowish  white.  Legs  pale  yellowish  white, 
the  tibiae  with  two  narrow,  interrupted  blackish  brown  annuli  nearly 
obsolete  on  the  front  pair,  and  the  last  joint  of  the  tarsi  tipped  with 
blackish.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  brownish. 

Male. — Not  known.  It  is  probable,  however,  that  oregonensis  will 
prove  to  be  the  male  of  this  species. 

Redescribed  from  two  females  (cotypes)  reared  from  a  Lecanium 
on  Adenostoma  fasiculatum,  Alameda  County,  California,  June,  1887 
(A.  Koebele),  Koebele's  No.  252°;  and  two  females  reared  from 
Lecanium  corni  Bouche,  Santa  Rosa,  California,  June  15,  1908  (E.  M. 
Ehrhorn).  The  following  Eastern  specimens  hardly  differ  and  must 
be  considered  to  belong  here,  at  least  until  the  species  is  better  known 
from  larger  series:  One  female,  Oakland,  Maryland,  July  12;  and  one 
female  reared  from  Lecanium  nigrqfasciatum  Pergande,  Harrisburg, 
Pennsylvania,  October  22,  1909  (P.  R.  Myers),  Myers'  No.  269. 

Type.— Cat.  No.  5043,  U.S.N.M. 


624  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

26.  APHYCUS  ANNULIPES  (Ashmead). 

Coccophagus  annulipes  ASHMEAD,  Can.  Ent.,  vol.  14,  1882,  p.  37. 
Aphycus  annulipes  HOWARD,  Bull.  No.  5,  old  ser.,  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric.,  Bur.  Ent., 
1885,  pp.  19,  41. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in 
an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  nearly  their  own  diameter 
from  the  eye  margin;  front,  vertex  and  eyes  nearly  free  from  pubes- 
cence. Antennal  seape  about  one-half  as  wide  as  long;  pedicel  as  long 
as  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined;  funicle  joints  as  far  as  can 
be  made  out  all  short  and  transverse,  the  sixth  about  twice  as  wide  as 
the  first  and  apparently  hardly  longer;  club  nearly  as  wide  as  long 
(after  collapsing),  rounded  at  apex,  about  one-fourth  wider  than  the 
preceding  joint  and  half  as  long  as  the  funicle;  antenna  as  a  whole 
unusually  short.  Wings  of  type  broken  off  and  lost.  Length,  1.2 
mm.  (estimated). 

Front,  vertex,  and  mesonotum  bright  orange  yellow;  face,  cheeks, 
occiput,  and  underparts  yellowish  white;  concealed  part  of  prono- 
tum,  metapostnotum,  and  dorsum  of  abdomen  (latter  according  to 
original  description)  brownish  black;  collar  of  pronotum  and  tegulae 
whitish,  the  former  with  a  brown  dot  on  each  corner,  the  latter  not 
marked.  Antennal  scape  black  with  the  dorsal  margin  and  the  base 
and  apex  more  broadly  white;  base  of  pedicel  and  club  black;  first 
two  funicle  joints  brownish,  last  four  joints  and  apical  half  of  pedicel 
yellowish  white.  Legs  yellowish  white;  tibiae  with  two  narrow,  pale 
brown  annuli,  subinterrupted  on  the  front  pair,  and  broken  into 
two  dots  on  the  middle  pair  (hind  tibiae  broken  off) ;  middle  femora 
with  faint  brownish  dots  arranged  nearly  as  on  the  middle  tibiae; 
last  joint  of  the  tarsi  tipped  with  blackish.  Wings  originally  de- 
scribed as  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

Red  escribed  from  one  female  (cotype)  reared  from  a  Lecanium  on 
Quercus  aquatica,  Jacksonville,  Florida,  April  17,  1881  (W.  H.  Ash- 
mead).  The  second  cotype  female  not  found. 

Two  other  females,  Jacksonville,  Florida,  are  labeled  as  types  of 
annulipes  under  U.S.N.M.  Cat.  No.  4751,  but  must  be  later  speci- 
mens and  belong  to  pulvinariae  Howard.  A  third  female  from  the 
same  locality,  erroneously  labeled  cotype,  is  also  pulvinariae. 

Type.—C&i.  No.  1477,  U.S.N.M. 

*•$ 

27.  APHYCUS  OAXACAE  Howard. 
Aphycus  oaxacae  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  pp.  241,  246. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  as  wide  as  long;  ocelli  in  a  right-angled 
triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  one-third  of  their  own  diameter 
from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  deep  and  narrow,  uniting 
above  and  together,  forming  a  notch  in  the  anterior  margin  of  the 
front,  the  facial  prominence  well  elevated ;  pubescence  slight  on  both 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.  625 

front  and  eyes.  Antennal  scape  hardly  flattened,  slender,  reaching 
just  to  the  level  of  the  front  and  vertex;  pedicel  of  the  usual  length; 
first  funicle  joint  a  little  longer  than  wide,  the  rest  of  antenna  broken 
off.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  narrow,  inter- 
rupted below,  the  cut-off  portion  large  and  separated  from  posterior 
margin  of  disk;  basal  hairless  streak  extending  halfway  from  the 
point  opposite  the  end  of  the  oblique  streak  to  the  angulation.  Ovi- 
positor protruded  about  one-fifth  the  length  of  abdomen.  Length, 
1.3  mm.,  exclusive  of  the  ovipositor. 

Front,  vertex,  and  mesonotum  brownish  orange  yellow  shading 
into  black  on  the  anterior  margin  of  the  mesoscutum ;  face  and  a  nar- 
row band  on  the  upper  part  of  the  cheeks  next  to  the  eye  margin 
creamy  white;  a  transverse  band  on  upper  part  of  face  above  the 
lower  corners  of  the  eyes,  a  lunate  mark  between  bases  of  the  an- 
tennae, lower  two-thirds  of  cheeks  with  a  narrow  line  across  oral 
margin  of  the  face,  and  the  occiput  black;  concealed  part  of  pro- 
notum,  the  metanotum,  propodeum,  and  abdomen  black,  the  venter 
of  the  latter  with  a  wide  submarginal  streak  of  whitish  on  each  side ; 
pleura  and  sternum  of  thorax  yellowish  white,  with  the  mesosternum 
and  a  rather  narrow  band  across  the  middle  of  mesopleura,  brown; 
collar  of  pronotum  and  tegulae  whitish,  the  former  with  a  large,  black 
dot  on  each  corner  almost  connecting  with  the  black  of  the  center, 
the  latter  with  the  posterior  margin  brown.  Antennal  scape  black, 
with  a  whitish  dot  above  at  apex  and  a  rather  narrow,  whitish,  ob- 
lique band  near  base;  base  of  pedicel  black,  the  apical  third  whitish; 
funicle  and  club  originally  described  as  dark  brown.  Legs  yellowish 
white;  tibiae  with  two  rather  wide,  complete  brown  annuli,  indistinct 
on  the  front  pair  and  with  an  additional  dot  at  the  knee  joint;  middle 
tibiae  with  a  third  band  at  the  apex,  but  the  knee  joint  hardly  marked ; 
hind  tibiae  with  an  additional  dot  at  the  knee  joint  and  the  addi- 
tional apical  band  indistinct.  Exposed  part  of  ovipositor  brown. 
Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  brownish. 

Kedescribed  from  one  female  (type)  collected  at  Oaxaca,  Mexico 
(A.  Koebele). 

Type.—C&t.  No.  5047,  U.S.N.M. 

28.  APHYCUS  CEROPLASTIS  Howard. 

Fig.  30. 

Aphycus  ceroplastis  HOWARD,  Bull.  No.  5,  old  ser.,  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric.,  Bur.  Ent., 
1885,  p.  18. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  one-half  longer  again  than  wide; 
ocelli  nearly  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  one- 
half  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes 
rather  deep  and  narrow;  eyes  nearly  smooth.  Antennal  scape  flat- 
10600°— Proc.N.M.vol.50— 16 40 


626  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

tened  on  underside,  five  times  longer  than  wide;  pedicel  nearly  as 
long  as  the  first  two  and  one-half  of  the  third  funicle  joint;  first  two 
and  last  two  funicle  joints  nearly  equal  in  length,  the  third  notice- 
ably longer  and  the  fourth  a  little  shorter^  the  first  two  ah  out  as 
long  as  wide,  the  third  longer  than  wide  and  the  last  three  wider  than 
long,  all  increasing  gradually  in  width  so  that  the  sixth  is  about 
twice  as  wide  as  the  first;  club  oval,  rounded  at  apex,  one-third  wider 
again  than  the  preceding  joint  and  as  long  as  the  last  three  and  one- 
half  of  the  third  funicle  joint  combined.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated; 
oblique  hairless  streak  widened  but  not  interrupted  below  and  con- 
necting with  a  branch  of  the  basal  streak.  Ovipositor  protruded 
about  one-sixth  the  length  of  abdomen.  Length:  1.1  to  1.4  mm., 
exclusive  of  ovipositor. 

Head  gamboge  yellow  with  the  upper  half  of  the  center  of  occiput 
blackish  brown  and  the  cheeks  with  a  broad,  oblique,  pale  brown 
band  across  the  middle;  concealed  part  of  pronotum,  the  metanotum, 
propodeum  and  most  of  the  dorsum  of  abdomen  blackish  brown,  the 
base  and  sides  of  the  latter  anterior  to  the  vibrissae  gamboge  yellow; 
collar  of  pronotum  whitish  with  a  blackish  brown  dot  on  each  corner 
almost  aways  connecting  with  the  brown  of  the  center;  mesonotum 
gamboge  yellow  with  the  anterior  margin  of  the  scutum  and  the 
entire  scuteUum  blackish  brown,  or  the  middle  of  scutum  and  the 
axillae  also  brown  shading  into  the  yellow  of  the  sides;  most  of  meso- 
pleura,  the  metapleura  and  venter  of  abdomen  brown  to  blackish 
brown;  anterior  margin  of  mesopleura  and  propleura  gamboge  yel- 
low; prepectal  plates  and  tegulae  yellowish  white,  the  latter  brown- 
ish on  the  apical  margin.  Antennae  pale  brown,  the  scape  shading 
into  yellowish  at  base  and  apex  and  with  a  darker  brown  streak  on 
outer  surface  of  apical  half;  pedicel  yellowish  at  apex  and  the  last 
two  funicle  joints  more  or  less  yellowish;  club  darker  brown  but  paler 
at  apex.  Legs  gamboge  yellow  with  the  tip  of  the  last  joint  of  the 
tarsi  blackish.  Wings  nearly  hyaline  but  marked  with  a  very  faint, 
roundish  cloud  beneath  stigmal  vein  reaching  about  half  way  to  the 
posterior  margin  of  disk;  veins  pale  yellowish.  Exserted  part  of 
ovipositor  gamboge  yellow,  shading  into  brownish  at  apex. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  about  one-fourth  longer  again  than  wide; 
ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  nearly  their  own 
diameter  from  the  eye  margin.  Antennae  nearly  as  in  the  female, 
but  slightly  shorter  and  less  robust,  the  club  narrower,  hardly  wider 
than  the  preceding  joint  and  about  as  long  as  the  last  three  funicle 
joints  combined.  Length:  0.9  mm. 

Upper  parts  black,  including  vertex  of  head,  upper  half  of  occiput 
and  all  of  pronotum  except  the  narrow,  white  collar,  the  lateral 
margin  of  the  mesocutum  shading  into  yellowish;  front  yellow;  face, 
lower  part  of  cheeks  next  to  mandibles  and  lower  half  of  the  occiput 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          627 

paler  yellow;  upper  half  of  cheeks  and  sides  of  the  head  pale  brown; 
propleura,  prepectal  plates  and  anterior  margin  of  the  mesopleura 
pale  yellow;  rest  of  mesopleura  and  the  metapleura  brown;  venter 
of  abdomen  dusky  yellowish.  Antenna  almost  uniformly  brown, 
the  apical  third  of  pedicel  whitish.  Legs  and  wings  as  in  the  female. 

Redescribed  from  eight  females,  one  male  (cotypes)  reared  from 
Oeroplastes  species  on  Artemisia,  Silver  City,  New  Mexico,  March,  1879 
(H.  H.  Rusby);  two  females  reared  from  Ceroplastes  irregularis 
CockereU,  Mesilla  Park,  New  Mexico,  October  16,  1896  (C.  H.  T. 
Townsend) ;  and  one  female  from  Mesilla  Park,  New  Mexico,  March 
16  (T.  D.  A.  Cockerell).  The  remaining  four  females  and  one  male 
from  the  type  series  are  apparently  lost. 

Type.— Cat.  No.  2643,  U.S.N.M. 

29.  APHYCUS  MEXICANUS  Howard. 

Figs.  32,  49. 
Aphycus  mexicanus  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol  21,  1898,  pp.  241,  247. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  two  and  one-half  times  longer 
than  wide;  ocelli  in  an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair 
about  one-fourth  their  own  diameter  from  the  Bye  margin;  antennal 
scrobes  broad  and  rather  deep;  eyes  rather  thickly  pubescent  with 
a  short,  fine  pile.  Antennal  scape  flattened  on  the  underside,  but 
not  expanded,  about  five  times  longer  than  wide;  pedicel  a  little 
longer  than  the  first  two  funicle  joints  combined;  first  funicle  joint 
small,  about  one-half  as  long  as  the  second  and  as  long  as  wide,  the 
second,  fourth,  and  fifth  subequal  in  length  and  a  little  longer  than 
the  third  and  sixth,  all  increasing  gradually  in  width  so  that  the 
last  is  about  twice  as  wide  as  the  first  but  only  the  last  distinctly 
wider  than  long,  the  second  being  longer  than  wide;  club  oval, 
obtusely  rounded  at  apex,  about  one-fourth  wider  again  than  the 
preceding  joint  and  a  little  longer  than  the  last  three  funicle  joints 
combined.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  nar- 
rowed above  and  interrupted  below,  the  cut-off  portion  connecting 
with  a  rather  indistinct  branch  of  the  basal  hairless  streak;  stigmal 
vein  longer  and  slenderer  than  usually.  Ovipositor  protruded  about 
one-fourth  the  length  of  abdomen.  Length:  1.4  to  1.5  mm.,  exclu- 
sive of  ovipositor. 

Front,  vertex  and  mesonotum  dull  orange  yellow;  face,  cheeks, 
and  underparts  varying  to  cadmium  yellow  with  the  upper  part  of 
face  usually  lemon  yellow;  center  of  occiput  dusky;  concealed  part 
of  pronotum,  the  metanotum  to  a  more  or  less  degree,  propodeum 
and  dorsum  of  abdomen  blackish  brown,  the  lateral  and  apical  mar- 
gins of  the  latter  cadium  yellow  posterior  to  the  vibrissae;  collar  of 
pronotum  dirty  white  with  a  blackish  dot  on  each  corner;  propleura, 
prepectal  plates  and  tegulae  yellowish  white,  the  latter  brown  on 


628  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

the  posterior  margin.  Antennal  scape  yellow  on  the  inner  side, 
black  on  upper  margin  and  the  outer  surface  except  at  base  and  apex 
and  with  an  indistinct,  median,  longitudinal  yellowish  streak;  basal 
two-thirds  of  pedicel  and  club  black,  both  shading  into  yellowish 
at  apex;  first  four  funicle  joints  blackish  brown,  the  fifth  dusky  at 
base,  last  two  joints  otherwise  yellow.  Legs  concolorous  with  under- 
parts,  the  tip  of  last  joint  of  the  tarsi  blackish.  Exserted  portion 
of  ovipositor  cadmium  yellow  but  becoming  dusky  at  apex;  wings 
hyaline,  the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  nearly  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in 
a  slightly  acute-angled  triangle;  the  posterior  pair  close  to  the  eye 
margin.  Antennae  much  as  in  the  female,  but  the  first  funicle  joint 
more  than  half  as  long  as  the  second,  the  second,  third,  and  fourth 
joints  subequal  in  length,  the  last  two  a  little  longer,  and  the  club  a 
little  narrower  than  in  the  female  and  more  tapering  toward  the  apex. 
Length:  0.9  mm. 

Face,  cheeks,  and  front  dull  orange  yellow  approaching  cadmium 
yellow;  vertex,  occiput,  and  upper  parts  of  thorax  and  abdomen  dull 
black;  collar  of  pronotum  narrowly  whitish  with  a  black  dot  on  each 
corner  uniting  below  with  the  black  of  the  concealed  portion;  mesor 
scutum  slightly  yellowish  on  each  side  close  to  the  tegulae;  togulae 
pale  yellowish  with  then*  posterior  margin  brown;  under  side  of  tho- 
rax cadmium  yellow,  the  venter  of  abdomen  blackish  brown.  Anten- 
nal scape  brown  on  the  upper  side,  yellowish  below;  pedicel  brown 
with  apex  yellowish;  funicle  and  club  nearly  uniformly  brown.  Legs 
and  wings  as  in  the  female. 

Redescribed  from  nineteen  females,  five  males  (cotypes)  reared 
from  Ceroplastes  species,  Mexico  City,  Mexico  (C.  H.  T.Townsend),  and 
two  females  (cotypes)  reared  from  Ceroplastes  cirripediformis  Corn- 
stock,  Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana,  December  25,  1897  (H.  A.  Morgan). 
In  reference  to  the  name  and  larger  series  Mexico  City  should  be  con- 
sidered the  type  locality. 

Type.— Cat.  No.  5050,  U.S.N.M. 

30.  APHYCUS  ERUPTOR  Howard. 

Figs.  31,  50. 

Aphycus  eruptor  HOWARD,  Rep.  Ent.,  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric.,  1881,  p.  364,  pi.  23, 
fig.  5. 

Female.- — Front  and  vertex  about  two  and  one-half  times  longer 
than  wide;  ocelli  in  an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about 
one-half  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes 
rather  shallow  and  broad;  eyes  with  a  very  fine,  sparse  pubescence. 
Antennal  scape  flattened  below  but  not  expanded,  about  five  times 
longer  than  wide ;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  two  and  one-half  of  the 
third  funicle  joint;  first  funicle  joint  small  and  roundish,  a  little  wider 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          629 

than  long,  following  joints  longer  with  the  second  and  sixth  a  little 
shorter  than  the  others,  all  increasing  gradually  in  width  so  that  the 
last  is  twice  as  wide  as  the  first  joint,  but  only  the  sixth  is  considerably 
wider  than  long;  club  oval,  rounded  at  apex,  about  one- third  wider 
than  the  preceding  joint  and  as  long  as  the  last  three  funicle  j obits 
combined.  Wings  as  in  mexicanus.  Ovipositor  protruded  about  one- 
fifth  the  length  of  abdomen.  Length:  1.1  mm.,  exclusive  of  ovi- 
positor. 

Front  and  vertex  brownish  orange  yellow;  face,  cheeks,  occiput, 
and  entire  underparts  dull  gamboge  yellow;  upper  side  of  thorax  and 
abdomen  bright  cadmium  yellow,  with  a  brown  spot  on  each  side  of 
the  propodeum  and  the  apical  half  of  the  abdomen  more  gamboge 
yellow;  concealed  part  of  pronotum  black;  collar  of  pronotum,  pre- 
pectal  plates,  and  tegulse  whitish,  the  collar  with  a  small  blackish  dot 
on  each  corner,  and  the  tegulse  brownish  on  the  posterior  margin. 
Antennae  in  general  concolorous  with  the  face,  the  scape  with  a  longi- 
tudinal brown  streak  on  upper  margin  of  the  outer  surface,  the  base 
of  pedicel  brown,  the  first  three  funicle  joints  dilute  brownish,  fading 
gradually  into  the  pure  yellowish  of  the  last  three  joints,  club  black 
but  becoming  yellowish  brown  at  apex.  Legs  concolorous  with  the 
underparts,  the  tip  of  last  joint  of  the  tarsi  blackish.  Exserted  part 
of  ovipositor  gamboge  yellow.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  yel- 
lowish. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  about  one  and  two  thirds  times  longer 
than  wide;  ocelli  in  a  less  acute-angled  triangle  than  in  the  female, 
the  posterior  pair  about  one-fourth  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye 
margin.  Antennae  nearly  as  in  the  female,  but  the  first  three  funicle 
joints  more  roundish,  the  funicle  as  a  whole  and  the  club  more 
slender.  Length:  1.0  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  and  upper  rim  of  occiput  orange  yellow  with  a  brown- 
ish spot  between  the  posterior  ocelli;  face,  cheeks,  and  most  of  the 
underparts,  including  the  venter  of  abdomen,  gamboge  yellow,  the 
prepectal  plates  and  upper  anterior  part  of  the  mesopleura  more 
lemon  yellow;  upper  concealed  part  of  occiput  and  pronotum,  most 
of  mesonotum,  metanotum,  propodeum,  and  dorsum-of  abdomen 
brownish  black,  the  mesoscutum  fading  into  gamboge  yellow  on  the 
sides  next  to  the  tegulse,  and  margins  of  the  scutellum  and  part  of 
metanotum  brownish  yellow;  collar  of  pronotum  and  tegulae  yellow- 
ish white,  the  former  with  a  black  dot  on  each  corner,  the  latter  with 
the  posterior  margin  blackish  brown.  Antennal  scape  and  pedicel 
yellowish  brown,  marked  with  darker  brown  as  in  the  female ;  flagel- 
luin  brown,  fading  into  yellowish  on  the  last  two  funicle  joints  and 
at  apex  of  club.  Legs  and  wings  as  in  the  female. 

Described  from  five  females,  three  males  reared  from  Ceroplastes 
sp.,  Fort  Myers,  Florida,  July  23 'to  August  1,  1907  (E.  A.  Back), 


630  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

Merrill,  Nos.  2006  and  2007;  and  one  male  (metatype  and  erroneously 
labeled  with  type  No.  2609,  U.S.N.M.),  collected  in  northern  Vir- 
ginia, June,  1879  (Th.  Pergande).  The  latter  Specimen  is  in  poor 
condition,  but  agrees  as  far  as  preserved  with  the  males  from  Florida. 
The  type  female  and  male  could  not  be  found,  but  the  insect  de- 
scribed above  agrees  fairly  well  with  Howard's  description,  and  ap- 
parently the  only  reason  to  doubt  the  identification  lies  in  the  fact 
that  the  types  were  reared  from  a  Lecanium  instead  of  a  Ceroplastes. 

Type-locality. — Fort  George,  Florida. 

Type.— Cat.  No.  2609,  U.S.N.M. 

31.  APHYCUS  STOMACHOSUS  Girault. 
Figs.  29,  46. 

Aphycus  stomachosus  GIRAULT,  Psyche,  vol.  16,  1909,  p.  77. 

Aphycus  flaviceps  KING  (not  Howard),  Can.  Ent.,  vol.  31,  1899,  p.  141. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  one-half  longer  again  than  wide; 
ocelli  in  a  slightly  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about 
their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  broad  and 
shallow,  facial  prominence  not  much  elevated;  eyes  with  a  sparse, 
extremely  short,  fine  pubescence.  Antennal  scape  flattened  and  a 
little  wider  at  the  middle,  about  three  times  longer  than  greatest 
width;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined; 
first  three  funicle  joints  subequal  in  length  and  width  and  about  as 
long  as  wide,  the  last  three  increasingly  wider  and  more  transverse, 
and  the  last  two  also  slightly  longer  than  the  preceding,  the  sixth  not 
quite  twice  as  wide  as  the  first;  club  oval,  obtusely  rounded  at  apex, 
about  one-third  wider  again  than  the  preceding  joint,  and  nearly  as 
long  as  the  last  five  funicle  joints  combined.  Wings  uniformly 
ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  narrowed  above  and  interrupted 
below,  the  cut-off  portion  separated  from  the  posterior  margin  of 
disk  and  from  the  basal  hairless  streak.  Ovipositor  slightly  pro- 
truded. Length:  0.7  to  1.2  mm. 

General  color  deep  bright  orange  yellow,  most  vivid  on  the  front, 
vertex,  and  mesonotum;  face,  cheeks,  and  underparts  a  little  paler; 
collar  of  pronotum  concolorous  with  a  black  dot  on  each  corner; 
occiput  entirely  orange  yellow,  but  the  pronotum  has  a  narrow  black- 
ish transverse  band  on  the  concealed  portion;  tegulae  yellowish 
white,  with  their  posterior  margin  blackish  brown;  prepectal  plates 
paler  than  rest  of  pleura  or  yellowish  white;  metanotum,  propodeum, 
and  most  of  the  dorsum  of  abdomen  more  or  less  brownish.  An- 
tennae concolorous  with  the  face;  scape  with  a  small  spot  of  brownish 
at  the  middle,  on  dorsal  margin;  first  four  funicle  joints  brownish 
and  base  of  club  blackish  brown.  Legs  a  little  paler  yellow  than 
underparts,  the  tip  of  the  last  joint  of  the  tarsi  blackish.  Wings 
hyaline,  the  veins  pale  brownish.  ' 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APBYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          631 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  about  one-fourth  longer  than  wide; 
ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle  or  nearly  so,  the  posterior  pair  about 
their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin.  Antennae  very  nearly 
as  in  the  female,  but  the  club  slenderer,  more  truncate  at  apex,  and 
as  long  as  the  last  four  joints  combined.  Length:  0.7  to  1.2  mm. 

Coloration  as  in  the  female,  but  the  face,  cheeks,  and  underparts 
decidedly  paler  than  no  turn  or  chrome  yellow,  the  prepectal  plates 
concolorous  with  the  rest  of  pleura;  metanotum,  propodeum,  and 
central  part  of  the  dorsum  of  abdomen  darker  brown.  Antennal 
scape  and  pedicel  as  in  the  female,  but  the  funicle  and  club  pale 
brown  with  the  sixth  funicle  joint  sometimes  a  little  paler. 

Redescribed  from  four  females  (cotypes)  reared  from  Lecanium 
nigrofasciatum  Pergande,  Carbondale,  Illinois,  June,  1908  (A.  A. 
Girault);  two  males  from  the  same  host,  Lawrence,  Massachusetts, 
February  11,  1899  (Geo.  B.  King) ;  two  females,  one  male  reared  from 
same  host,  February  5,  1897,  Insectary  No.  472°;  two  females, 
Salem,  Ohio,  September,  1903;  and  a  large  series  of  both  sexes  reared 
from  the  same  Lecanium,  Mount  Alto,  Pennsylvania,  during  May 
and  June,  1913  (F.  L.  Simanton),  Quaintance  No.  6130. 

Type.—C&i.  No.  11997,  U.S.N.M. 

32.  APHYCUS  ERIOCOCCI,  new  species. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  three  times  longer  than  wide;  ocelli  in 
a  strongly  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  almost  touching 
eye  margin  and  about  their  own  diameter  apart;  antennal  scrobes 
broad  and  shallow;  eyes  nonpubescent.  Antennal  scape  strongly 
flattened  but  not  expanded  below,  the  lower  margin  gently  curved, 
a  little  over  four  times  as  long  as  wide;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first 
three  and  one-half  of  the  fourth  funicle  joint  combined;  first  three 
funicle  joints  equal  in  length,  the  fourth  slightly  longer,  the  last  two 
equal  and  a  little  longer  than  the  fourth,  all  increasing  gradually  and 
slightly  in  width  distad,  the  sixth  about  one-half  wider  again  than 
the  first,  the  first  three  a  little  wider  than  long,  the  sixth  considerably 
so,  but  the  fourth  and  fifth  about  as  long  as  wide;  club  elongate  oval, 
tapering  distad,  and  slightly  obliquely  truncate  at  apex,  one-third 
wider  again  than  the  preceding  joint  and  as  long  as  the  last  five 
funicle  joints  combined.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  oblique  hairless 
streak  not  reaching  to  the  stigmal  vein  and  interrupted  below,  the 
small  cut-off  portion  well  separated  from  the  posterior  margin  of 
disk  and  from  the  basal  streak;  the  latter  reaching  nearly  to  the 
angulation  or  to  a  point  opposite  the  end  of  the  stigmal  vein.  Ovi- 
positor protruded  about  one-eighth  the  length  of  the  abdomen. 
Length:  0.9  mm.,  exclusive  of  ovipositor. 

Front,  most  of  occiput,  face,  and  cheeks  pale  chrome  yellow,  be- 
coming whitish  at  the  oral  margin,  and  a  very  narrow  blackish  line 


632  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

on  the  cheeks  at  roots  of  mandibles;  vertex  pale  clay  yellow;  center 
of  occiput  dilute  blackish;  concealed  part  of  pronotum,  the  meta- 
notum,  propodeum,  and  dorsum  of  abdomen  brownish  black,  the  lat- 
eral and  apical  margin  of  the  latter  broadly  white;  mesonotum  dark 
brown  shading  into  clay  yellow  on  the  lateral  margin  of  the  scutum 
and  scuteRum  and  on  the  axillae;  collar  of  pronotum,  tegulae,  and 
underparts  ivory  white,  the  collar  of  pronotum  with  a  blackish  dot 
on  each  corner,  the  tegulae  brownish  on  their  posterior  margin,  and 
the  venter  of  abdomen  dusky  in  the  center.  Antennae  black  with 
the  basal  and  apical  third  of  scape,  the  apical  half  of  pedicel  arid 
last  three  funicle  joints  white.  Legs  white,  with  the  tarsi  more 
yellowish  and  apex  of  the  last  joint  blackish;  tibiae  with  two  rather 
wide,  subinterrupted  blackish  annuli,  fainter  on  the  front  pair  and 
with  an  additional  dot  at  apex  and  at  knee  joint  of  the  middle  and 
hind  pair.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  brownish.  Exserted  part 
of  ovipositor  yellowish  becoming  blackish  at  apex. 

Male.  —  Not  known. 

Described  from  two  females  (type  and  paratype)  reared  from 
Eriococcus  Jiowardi  Ehrhorn  on  Quercus  utahensis,  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  July  4-6,  1914  (P.  H.  Timberlake). 

Type.—C&L  No.  19121,  U.S.N.M. 

33.  APHYCUS  BRUNNEUS  Howard. 

Aphycus  brunneus  HOWARD,  Bull.  No.  5,  old  ser.,  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric.,  Bur.  Ent., 
1885,  p.  17. 

The  type  and  only  known  specimen  of  this  species  could  not  be 
found.  As  it  was  reared  from  a  Diaspine  host,  Aulacaspis  rosae 
(Bouch6)  it  can  hardly  be  a  true  Aphycus  and  will  probably  prove 
to  belong  to  Cocddencyrtus  Ashmead.  The  type  locality  is  Vine- 
land,  New  Jersey. 

.  No.  2642,  U.S.N.M. 


34.  APHYCUS  NITENS  Kourdumoff. 

Aphicus  nitens  KOURDUMOFF,  Rev.  Russe  d'Ent.,  vol.  12,  1912,  p.  334,  fig.  7. 

This  species  has  not  been  seen  by  the  writer.  It  was  reared  from 
Eriococcus  greeni  Newstead  at  the  Poltava  Experiment  Station, 
Russia. 

35.  APHYCUS  HEDERACEUS  (Westwood). 

Encyrtus  hederaceus  WESTWOOD,  Philos.  Mag.,  ser.  3,  vol.  10,  1837,  p.  441. 

Encyrtus  fulmfrons  WALKER,  Ent.  Mag.,  vol.  5,  1838,  p.  109. 

Aphycus  hederaceus  MAYR,  Verb,  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1876,  pp.  695,  696. 

Specimens  of  this  species  also  have  not  been  seen  and  the  synonymy 
is  taken  from  Mayr. 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHTCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          633 
36.  APHYCUS  ALBERTI  Howard. 
Figs.  27,  48. 

Aphycus  alberti  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  pp.  241,  247. 
Aphycus  flavus  HOWARD  (part),  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  p.  241. 
Aphycus  sp.  near  coquilletti  TIMBERLAKE,  Journ.  Econ.  Ent.,  vol.  6,  1913,  p.  294. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  three  times  longer  than  wide; 
ocelli  in  an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  one-fourth 
their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  broad  and 
rather  deep;  eyes  with  an  abundant  but  short,  fine  pubescence. 
Antennal  scape  flattened  but  not  expanded  below,  a  little  less  than 
four  times  as  long  as  wide,  widest  on  the  apical  half;  pedical  about  as 
long  as  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined;  first  four  funicle  joints 
subequal  in  length,  the  last  two  about  one-third  longer,  all  increasing 
slightly  in  width  so  that  the  sixth  is  about  one-third  wider  again  than 
the  first;  club  oval,  rounded  at  apex,  nearly  twice  as  wide  as  the  pre- 
ceding joint  and  as  long  as  the  last  five  funicle  joints  combined. 
Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  oblique  hairless  streak  narrow  throughout 
and  interrupted  below,  the  cut-off  portion  separated  from  the  pos- 
terior margin  of  disk.  Length,  0.7  to  0.9  mm. 

Front,  vortex  and  upper  parts  of  thorax  and  abdomen  brownish 
orange  yellow,  the  head  brighter,  the  propodeum  and  center  of  abdo- 
men more  brownish;  face,  cheeks,  occiput  excepting  a  black  spot  on 
each  side  above  the  neck,  and  underparts  paler  or  more  cadmium 
yellow,  the  cheeks  sometimes  faintly  tinted  with  brown  next  to  the 
occiput;  concealed  part  of  pronotum  with  two  small  blackish  brown 
spots,  and  the  posterior  margin  of  the  collar  whitish  with  a  blackish 
dot  on  each  corner;  tegulae  concolorous  with  underparts  with  their 
posterior  margin  brownish.  Antennae  concolorous  with  face,  with  a 
large  blackish  spot  on  lower  side  of  the  apical  half  of  scape  appearing 
on  both  outer  and  inner  surface,  basal  half  and  two-thirds  of  pedicel 
and  club  respectively  and  first  four  funicle  joints  black  or  blackish. 
Legs  concolorous  with  underparts  with  the  tip  of  the  last  joint  of 
tarsi  blackish.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  yellowish. 

Male. — Front  and  vortex  about  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in 
an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  one-half  their  own  diam- 
eter from  the  eye  margin.  Antennae  nearly  as  in  the  female,  but  the 
scape  is  narrower  or  linear  and  the  club  smaller.  Length,  0.5  mm. 

Front  brownish  orange  yellow;  most  of  vertex,  the  occiput  and 
upper  part  of  thorax  and  abdomen  brownish  black  sometimes  varying 
to  brown,  with  the  sides  of  mesoscutum  and  axillae,  and  lateral  mar- 
gins of  the  abdomen  at  the  vibrissae  narrowly  brownish  orange  yellow; 
face,  cheeks  and  underparts  as  in  the  female  except  that  the  venter 
of  abdomen  is  more  or  less  brownish  or  brownish  orange  yellow. 
Antennal  scape  and  pedicel  colored  as  in  female  but  the  funicle  and 


634  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

club  entirely  blackish,  brown  darkest  on  the  club.  Legs  and  wings  as 
in  the  female. 

Redescribed  from  one  female,  one  male  (cotypes)  reared  from 
Coccus  Tiesperidum  Linnaeus,  Sydney,  New  South  Wales  (A.  Koebele)  ; 
three  females,  two  males,  from  same  host,  Los  Angeles  County,  Cali- 
fornia, April  (A.  Koebele),  and  seven  females,  two  males  with  the 
same  data  but  reared  in  August,  Koebele's  number  160°;  one  female 
from  same  host,  Avalon,  Catalina  Island,  California,  September  12, 
1912  (P.  H.  Timberlake);  five  females,  four  males  from  same  host, 
Carpenteria,  California,  July  12  to  August  27, 1911  (P.  H.  Timberlake) ; 
and  a  series  of  both  sexes  reared  from  the  same  host  in  reproduction 
experiments  with  females  from  Carpenteria. 

The  Koebele  specimens  from  Los  Angeles  County  were  determined 
by  Howard  as  flavus  and  constitute  the  California  record  for  flavus 
in  his  1898  paper. 

Type.—C&t.  No.  5051,  U.S.N.M. 

37.  APHYCUS  PHILIPPIAE  Martelli. 

Aphicus  philippiae  MARTELLI,  Boll.  Portici  Lab.,  vol.  2, 1908,  pp.  236,  245— MASI, 
Boll.  Partici  Lab.,  vol.  3,  1908,  p.  100,  fig.  8. 

This  species  has  not  been  seen  by  the  writer.  It  was  reared  from 
Filippia  oleae  (Costa),  Catanzara  and  Gizzeria,  Calabria,  Italy,  and 
from  a  Lecanium,  Novara,  Sicily. 

38.  APHYCUS  FLAVUS  Howard. 

Figs.  26,  47. 
Aphycus  flavus  HOWARD,  Rep.  Ent.,  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric.,  1881,  p.  365. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  about  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in 
an  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  close  to  the  eye  margin; 
eyes  nearly  nonpubescent.  Antennal  scape  flattened  and  narrow, 
about  four  times  as  long  as  wide,  widest  near  the  middle;  pedicel  a 
little  longer  than  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined;  first  five 
funicle  joints  of  nearly  equal  length,  the  sixth  slightly  longer,  the 
last  four  increasing  gradually  in  width  so  that  the  sixth  is  about 
twice  as  wide  as  the  first,  and  all  wider  than  long  except  the  first  two, 
which  are  about  as  long  as  wide;  club  oval,  slightly  pointed  at  apex, 
a  little  wider  than  the  last  funicle  joint,  and  nearly  as  long  as  the 
last  five  funicle  joints  combined.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated;  oblique 
hairless  streak  widened  and  interrupted  below,  the  cut-off  portion 
separated  from  the  posterior  margin  of  disk  and  from  the  basal 
hairless  streak.  Length,  0.7  to  1.2  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  and  upper  surface  of  body  bright  orange  yellow,  the 
propodeum  and  dorsum  of  abdomen  sometimes  slightly  brownish; 
face,  cheeks,  and  underparts  similar  but  paler  yellow;  collar  of  pro- 
noturn  and  tegulae  pale  yellowish  with  a  blackish  dot  on  each  corner 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.  635 

of  the  former,  and  the  posterior  margin  of  the  latter  brown;  center 
of  occiput  usually  yellow,  sometimes  blackish;  the  concealed  part  of 
pronotum  either  yellow  or  blackish.  Antennae  concolorous  with 
face,  with  a  small  spot  on  upper  margin  of  outer  surface  of  scape 
near  apex,  base  of  pedicel,  first  three  funicle  joints  and  basal  half  of 
club  brownish  or  blackish.  Legs  concolorous  with  underparts,  with 
apex  of  the  last  joint  of  tarsi  blackish.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale 
yellowish. 

Male. — Nearly  like  the  female  but  the  front  and  vertex  a  little 
wider  and  the  antenna  more  slender.  Length,  0.6  to  1.0  mm. 

Coloration  as  in  the  female  except  that  the  metanotum,  propodeum, 
nd  dorsum  of  abdomen  are  dark  brown  with  the  lateral  margins  of 
the  latter  yellow.  Antennae  as  in  female  except  that  the  whole 
flagellum  may  be  uniformly  brown. 

Redescribed  from  the  following  material:  One  female,  Jackson- 
ville, Florida  (W.  H.  Ashmead) ;  one  female  reared  from  Toumeyella 
liriodendri  (Gmelin),  Crescent  City,  Florida,  March  18,  1895  (H.  G. 
Hubbard) ;  one  female  from  the  same  host,  Molino,  Florida,  May  25, 
1894  (S.  S.  Harvey);  four  males  from  same  host,  Laurel,  Maryland, 
June  11,  1912  (E.  R.  Sasscer);  two  females,  five  males  reared  from 
Tachardia  on  Acacia,  San  Diego,  Texas,  July  12, 1896  (E.  A.  Schwarz)  ; 
one  female,  one  male  reared  from  TacJiardia  species  on  "Huajillo" 
with  no  locality  given;  three  females,  one  male  reared  from  Pulvinaria 
pyriformis  Cockerell,  Port-of-Spain,  Trinidad  (P.  Lachmere-Guppy) ; 
one  female  reared  from  Coccus  Jiesperidum  Linnaeus,  Lima,  Peru, 
December  21,  1909  (C.  H.  T.  Townsend),  Townsend  No.  140°  3a;  a 
large  series  of  both  sexes  reared  from  Pulvinaria  species  on  sweet 
potato,  Sullana,  Piura,  Peru,  during  February  and  March,  1912  (E.  W. 
Rust),  received  from  Messrs.  Townsend  and  Rust  under  No.  35°  3a; 
one  female,  one  male  reared  from  Saissetia  oleae  (Bernard),  Palermo, 
Sicily,  received  from  H.  S.  Smith  under  California  State  Insect ary 
No.  7205  and  d. 

The  type  female  of  this  species  from  Palatka,  Florida,  could  not 
be  found.  It  was  supposed  to  have  been  reared  from  LepidosapJies 
beckii  (Newman),  but  the  record  is  undoubtedly  erroneous. 

There  are  slight  but  apparently  constant  differences  in  coloration 
in  material  from  different  localities  which  are  probably  due  to  local 
variation  and  not  of  specific  value.  The  females  from  Trinidad 
have  the  face,  cheeks,  underparts  of  thorax,  and  the  abdomen  bril- 
liant chrome  lemon  without  dark  markings  on  the  concealed  part  of 
the  occiput  and  pronotum.  The  material  from  Peru  varies  from 
bright  orange  to  a  little  paler  and  there  is  a  small  transverse  blackish 
spot  on  the  concealed  part  of  the  pronotum.  The  males  also  differ 
in  having  but  a  slight  brownish  infuscation  in  the  center  of  the 
dorsum  of  abdomen. 

Type.—C&t.  No.  2610,  U.S.N.M. 


636         .         PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

39.  APHYCUS  LUTEOLUS,  new  spedes. 

Figs.  28,  45. 

Aphycus  flavus  QUAYLE  (not  HOWARD),  Bull.  214,  Cal.  Agric.  Exp.  Stat.,  1911, 
p.  476,  figs.  28,  30.— QUAYLE  and  RUST,  Bull.  223,  Cal.  Agric.  Exp.  Stat., 
1911,  pp.  190,  194,  figs.  14,  18. 

Aphycus  species  near  flavus  TIMBERLAKE,  Journ.  Econ.  Ent.,  vol.  6,  1913,  p.  294. 

Female. — Front  and  vertex  twice  as  long  as  wide;  ocelli  in  an 
acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about  their  own  diameter 
from  the  eye  margin;  antennal  scrobes  rather  deep  and  distinct; 
pubescence  of  eyes  sparse  and  extremely  short  and  fine.  Antennal 
scape  flattened  but  not  expanded,  very  nearly  linear  with  the  lowes 
margin  slightly  curved,  about  four  times  longer  than  wide;  pedicel 
about  as  long  as  the  first  three  funicle  joints  combined;  first  five 
funicle  joints  subequal  in  length,  the  sixth  slightly  longer,  all  grad- 
ually increasing  in  width  so  that  the  sixth  is  twice  as  wide  as  the 
first  and  all  wider  than  long  with  the  first  two  less  distinctly  so; 
club  oval,  rather  pointed  at  apex,  about  one  third  wider  again  than 
the  last  funicle  joint  and  as  long  as  the  last  five  preceding  joints 
combined.  Wings  uniformly  ciliated ;  oblique  hairless  streak  widened 
and  interrupetd  below,  the  cut  off  portion  uniting  with  a  distinct 
branch  of  the  basal  hairless  streak.  Length:  0.7  to  1.1  mm. 

General  color  above  pale  clay  yellow,  the  front  and  vertex  some- 
what more  orange  yellow;  face,  cheeks,  and  underparts  brighter 
yellow  or  nearly  chrome  lemon;  concealed  part  of  pronotum,  a  dot 
on  each  corner  of  collar,  posterior  margin  of  tegulae  and  the  sutures 
of  mesonotum  to  a  more  or  less  degree  blackish  brown;  collar  of 
pronotum  and  tegulae  otherwise  yellowish  white;  metanotum, 
propodeum  and  most  of  the  basal  half  of  dorsum  of  abdomen  dilute 
blackish  brown.  Antennae  concolorous  with  the  face,  with  a  large 
spot  on  scape  near  apex  above,  base  of  pedicel  on  upper  side,  first 
three  funicle  joints  and  lower  side  of  fourth,  and  basal  half  of  club 
blackish.  Legs  concolorous  with  the  underparts  with  the  apex 
of  last  joint  of  tarsi  blackish.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins  pale  yellow- 
ish. 

Male. — Front  and  vertex  about  one-half  longer  again  than  wide; 
ocelli  in  a  slightly  acute-angled  triangle,  the  posterior  pair  about 
their  own  diameter  from  the  eye  margin.  Antennae  as  in  female 
but  a  little  slenderer.  Length:  0.7  to  0.8  mm.  .  f 

Coloration  as  in  the  female  except  for  the  following  details:  Front 
and  vertex  chrome  lemon  and  concolorous  with  face  and  cheeks; 
dorsum  of  abdomen  with  the  dark  markings  more  extensive  and 
deeper,  often  entirely  blackish  brown  except  on  lateral  margins 
posterior  to  the  vibrissae;  the  flagellum  of  antennae  entirely  blackish 
brown. 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS—TIMBERLAKE.          637 

Described  from  six  females,  two  males  (type,  allotype,  and  para- 
types  a  to  /)  reared  from  Coccus  Jiesperidum  Linnaeus,  Santa  Paula, 
California,  August  15-28,  1912;  one  female,  three  males  (paratypes 
g  to  j)  from  same  host,  Whittier,  California,  April  21,  1Q11;  four 
females  (paratypes  fc  to  ri)  from  same  host,  Carpenteria,  California, 
September  20-22,  1912;  two  females  (paratypes  o  and  p)  from 
same  host,  Sacramento,  California,  November  22,  1912;  one  female 
(para  type  'q)  reared  from  Saissetia  oleae  (Bernard),  Chula  Vista,  Cali- 
fornia, September  5,  1912;  and  one  female  (paratype  r)  from  the 
latter  host,  Sweetwater  Dam,  California,  September  10,  1912  (P.  H. 
Timberlake).  Additional  specimens  in  the  writer's  collection  from 
most  of  the  above  localities  may  be  considered  as  metatypes;  also 
three  females,  two  males  reared  from  Coccus  citricola  Campbell, 
Claremont,  California,  July  10-17,  1912  and  1913  (R.  E.  Campbell). 
.—Csii.  No.  18377,  U.S.N.M. 


40.  APHYCUS  OREGONENSIS  Howard. 

Fig.  54. 
Aphycus  oregonensis  HOWARD,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  21,  1898,  pp.  241,  246. 

Male.  —  Front  and  vertex  nearly  twice  as  long  as  wide  and  ocelli  in 
an  acute-angled  triangle  (in  the  largest  co  type)  or  front  and  vertex  only 
about  one-half  longer  again  than  wide  and  ocelli  in  an  equilateral  tri- 
angle or  nearly  so  (in  rest  of  co  types,  which  are  considerably  smaller)  ; 
posterior  ocelli  about  one-half  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye 
margin  ;  a.n  tennal  scrobes  broad  and  shallow  ;  eyes  with  a  fine,  delicate 
pubescence.  Antennal  scape  flattened  and  but  slightly  expanded, 
widest  just  beyond  the  middle,  nearly  four  times  longer  than  wide; 
pedicel  as  long  as  first  two  and  one-half  of  the  third  funicle  joint; 
first  four  funicle  joints  of  equal  length,  the  last  two  longer,  the  sixth  a 
little  longer  than  the  fifth,  first  joint  about  as  long  as  wide,  the  follow- 
ing increasingly  wider,  the  last  nearly  twice  as  wide  as  the  first;  club 
oval,  rounded  at  apex,  hardly  wider  than  the  preceding  joint  and  as 
long  as  the  last  four  funicle  joints  combined.  Wings  uniformly 
ciliated  ;  oblique  hairless  streak  widened  and  interrupted  below,  the 
large  cut-off  portion  uniting  with  an  indistinct  branch  of  the  basal 
hairless  streak.  Length,  0.9  to  1.2  mm. 

Front,  vertex,  and  mesonotum  dull  orange  yellow;  face,  cheeks, 
occiput,  and  under  parts  yellowish  white,  the  cheeks  with  a  large 
brownish  spot  next  to  the  mandibles,  and  the  center  of  occiput  above 
the  neck  dusky;  concealed  part  of.  pronotum,  anterior  margin  of 
mesoscutum,  most  of  metanotum,  propodeum,  and  dorsum  of  abdo- 
men brownish  black;  collar  of  pronotum  and  tegulae  whitish,  the  for- 
mer with  a  blackish  dot  on  each  corner,  the  latter  with  their  posterior 
margin  pale  brown;  sutures  of  mesonotum  lined  with  blackish  and 
the  mesoscutellum  slightly  brownish.  Antennal  scape  blackish 


638  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

with  a  wide  yellowish  band  on  dorsal  margin  of  inner  surface,  and 
base  and  apex  yellowish  on  outer  surface;  pedicel  brownish  yellow 
on  outer  side  and  blackish  on  inner  surface;  funicle  and  club  brown, 
with  the  last  two  funicle  joints  slightly  paler.  Legs  pale  yellowish; 
tibiae  with  two  broad  brown  annuli  at  the  base  and  near  middle, 
fainter  and  narrower  on  hind  pair  and  still  fainter  on  front  pair;  last 
joint  of  the  tarsi  tipped  with  blackish.  Wings  hyaline,  the  veins 
pale  yellowish. 

Female. — Not  known. 

Redescribed  from  eight  males  (six  of  them  cotypes)  reared  from  a 
Pulwnaria  on  Riles,  Aumesville,  Oregon,  February  1-17,  1890 
(F.  S.  Mattison).  This  species  will  presumably  prove  to  be  the  male 
«ex  of  californicus  Howard. 

Type.—C*t.  No.  5048,  U.S.N.M. 

41.  APHYCUS  AMOENUS  Howard. 

Aphycus  amoenus  HOWARD,  Journ.  Linn.  Soc.  Lond.,  Zool.,  vol.  26,  1896,  p.  150. 

The  type  of  this  species  was  not  accessible  for  study  and  no  other 
specimens  were  examined.  Judging  from  the  description  it  is 
closely  related  to  rusti  described  from  Peru  but  considerably  darker 
in  coloration.  It  was  described  from  a  single  male  collected  at  Bal- 
thazar, Grenada  (H.  H.  Smith). 

Type. — In  the  British  Museum. 

42.  APHYCUS  IMMACULATUS  Howard. 

Aphycus  immaculatus  HOWARD,  Insect  Life,  vol.  6,  1894,  p.  236,  fig.  11. 

The  type,  a  single  male  mounted  on  a  slide,  was  not  found  in  the 
United  States  National  Museum,  and  no  other  specimens  are  known. 
The  species  is  apparently  similar  to  alberti  Howard  but  distinct, 
judging  from  the  description  and  figure.  It  was  supposed  to  have 
been  reared  from  CJirysomphalus  aurantii  (Maskell),  but  if  it  is  a  true 
Aphycus,  the  record  is  undoubtedly  erroneous. 

Type.— Cat.  No.  1474,  U.S.N.M. 

43.  APHYCUS  HOWARDI  Cockerell. 
Aphycus  howardi  COCKERELL,  Can.  Ent.,  vol.  30,  1898,  p.  276. 

The  single  type  specimen  of  this  species  in  the  United  States 
National  Museum  is  so  badly  damaged  that  its  relationship  with  the 
other  species  considered  in  this  paper  could  not  be  determined,  and 
it  consequently  was  not  included  in  the  synoptic  table.  It  should, 
however,  be  easily  recognized  by  its  bright  scarlet  coloration,  which 
is  unique.  It  was  reared  from  Eriococcus  tinsleyi  Cockerell  at 
Mesilla  Park,  New  Mexico. 

Type.— Cat.  No.  19181,  U.S.N.M. 


NO.  2136.    REVISION  OF  THE  GENUS  APHYCUS— TIMBERLAKE.  639 

EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES. 

PLATE  26. 
Antennae  of  female. 

Fig.    1.  Aphycus fuscipennis. 

2.  A.  schwarzi. 

3.  Aenasioidea  pulchella. 

4.  Ae.  Icermicola. 

5.  Aphycus  kingi. 

6.  A.  subfasciatus. 

7.  A.  rileyi. 

8.  A.  johnsoni. 

PLATE  27. 

Antennae  of  female. 

Fig.    9.  A.  cockerelli. 

10.  A.  lecanii. 

11.  A.  maculipennis. 

12.  A.  coquilletti. 

13.  A.  physokermis. 

14.  A.  lichtensiae. 

15.  A.  pulvinariae. 

16.  A.  maculipes. 

PLATE  28. 

Antennae  of  female. 

Fig.  17.  A,  mayri. 

18.  A.  melanostomatus. 

19.  A.  similis. 

20.  Aenasioidea  tenuicornis. 

21.  Aphycus  calif ornicus. 

22.  A.  albopleuralis. 

23.  A.  pulvinariae. 

24.  -4.  lounsburyi. 

PLATE  29. 

Antennae  of  female, 

Fig.  25.  -4.  claviger. 

26.  A.flavus. 

27.  -4.  aZ&erft'. 

28.  J..  luteolus. 

29.  -4.  stomachosus. 

30.  J..  ceroplastis. 

31.  A  eruptor. 

32.  ^4.  mexicanus. 

33.  Aphycopsis  australiensis. 

34.  Pseudaphycus  angelicus. 

35.  Pseudococcobius  terryi. 


640  •  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.  VOL.  50. 

PLATE  30. 

Antennae  of  male. 

Fig.  36.  Aphycus  maculinennis. 

37.  A.  johnsoni. 

38.  A.  rileyi. 

39.  A.  subfasciatus. 

40.  A.  lecanii. 

41.  A.  lichtensiae. 

42.  A.  physoJcermis. 

43.  A.  pulvinariae. 

44.  A.  claviger. 

PLATE  31. 

Antennae  of  male  excepting  fig.  52  of  female. 

Fig.  45.  Aphycus  luteolus. 

46.  A.  stomachosus. 

47.  A.ftavus. 

48.  A.  alberti. 

49.  A.  mexicanus. 

50.  A.  eruptor. 

51.  Pseudaphycus  angelicus. 

52.  Acerophagus  texanus. 

53.  Aphycus  melanostomatus. 

54.  -4.  oregonensis. 


U.  8.   NATIONAL  MUSEUM 


PROCEEDINGS,  VOL.  50     PL.  26 


ANTENNAE  OF  APHYCUS  AND  AENASIOIDEA. 

FOR  EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  SEE  PAGE  639. 


U.  S.   NATIONAL   MUSEUM 


PROCEEDINGS,  VOL.  50     PL.  27 


ANTENNAE  OF  APHYCUS. 

FOR  EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  SEE  PAGE  639. 


U.  S.   NATIONAL  MUSEUM 


PROCEEDINGS,  VOL.  50     PL.  28 


ANTENNAE  OF  APHYCUS  AND  AENASIOIDEA. 

FOR  EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  SEE  PAGE  639. 


U.  S.   NATIONAL  MUSEUM 


PROCEEDINGS,  VOL.  50     PL.  29 


ANTENNAE  OF  APHYCUS,  APHYCOPSIS,  PSEUDAPHYCUS,  AND  PSEUDOCOCCOBIUS. 

FOR  EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  SEE  PAGE  639. 


U.  S.   NATIONAL  MUSEUM 


PROCEEDINGS,  VOL.  50     PL. 


ANTENNAE  OF  APHYCUS. 

FOR  EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  SEE  PAGE  640. 


U.  S.   NATIONAL  MUSEUM 


PROCEEDINGS,  VOL.  50     PL.  31 


ANTENNAE  OF  APHYCUS,  PSEUDAPHYCUS,  AND  ACEROPHAQUS. 

FOR  EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  SEE  PAGE  640. 


